The Surrender Of Japanese Army And National Government’s Reactions And Policies

On August15th1945, the Japanese announced the unconditional surrender after thedefeat in World War II, which marks the victory of Chinese people’s Anti-Japanese War andalso the end of the world anti-fascism war. As defeated countries, German and Italia areseverely sanctioned by the international society, on both legal and political aspects, whileJapan is facing a different situation. During the year1944to1946, for various reasons, theNational government adopted the Policies of Leniency to Japan, including the decision ofJapan’s national form, repatriation of Japanese refugees and no taking part in the militaryoccupation of Japan. This results from multifactor.In consideration of the struggle against Party, the National Government has taken aseries of actions to deny the foundation of a democratic coalition government, usurping thefruits of victory in the War of Resistance, to maintain its one-party dictatorship. In addition,the National Government is restricted by the international situation at that time, especiallythe American Foreign Policy which is aiming to make all the areas’policies serve the needsof American global strategy. Since the late World War II, the America policy to China hasconverted from “assistance to anti-Japanese war of China” to “assistance to anti-Communistof Chiang”. For the subtle relationship bettween America and China, Jiang Jieshi has todesign the policy towards Japan on the basic of America’s attitudes.This article mainly focuses on three questions:(1)what the policies towards Japan arebefore its surrender,(2)how Japan achieves the conditional surrender and (3)what thepolicies are after the surrender. It relates to some typical problems in that period ofSino-Japanese relationship history, such as the preservation of the emperor system andabandoning the occupation of Japan after claims.This article takes the historical archives as references, combining the related books,journals, thesis, newspaper and some famous works both at home and abroad. Based on thereality, the author adopts comprehensive systematic research methods to integrate politicsand history closely, with Marxist philosophy of both dialectical and history materialism asthe core guideline, and tries to give the original appearance to history and to solve problemsobjectively from all-around and multiple directions.