The Practical Freedom In Kant's Theory

In the article, the author will study the human nature in Kant's theory through the idea of "Practical Freedom". Freedom is not a fresh topic. People in the world have been pursuing the freedom and some of them even devoted their lives into it. But could it be possible that the finite rational beings have freedom? Aren't people limited in the law of nature as animals and other creatures? Man is puzzled. There still are people showed the world his attitude toward this problem, one of them is Kant. He told us, in the nature world, man obeys the causality as natural mechanism; he is determined and couldn't do what he wants. But he could think of the freedom, he could be a member of freedom kingdom for his understanding character. The law in the kingdom is moral law, so the kingdom is also a moral kingdom.Kant's philosophy system is mostly depended on the idea of freedom. As an empirical thing, man couldn't do anything freely. But he has reason. So he could think of freedom. The spontaneity of "I think" reveals the possibility of freedom. So when the man in the nature kingdom looks at the freedom, he knows the freedom is just an idea of pure reason. It belongs to the things in themselves. Freedom is transcendental freedom, which is suspended in the speculative reason in the forms of pure reason idea. Kant turned his eyes to the area of human's practical reason, which is moral area. In this area, Kant discovered that person's will could be free. People's moral action is the action out of free will. The morality is to do what should do. If you don't do that, it's not that you couldn't do but you won't do. The practical reason is to help people to realize what he should do.Just do what the "practical reason" told you, and should not listen to your innerdesire or outer things. Otherwise people would be heternomous, not free. To ensure the absolute goodness, we should act in according to the pure good will. Although this will isn't free will directly, they are united in the moral area. Even so, freedom couldn't be proved by analytic ways, neither morality. Freedom and morality are man's reason fact. So the practical principle could only be "Do according to the maxims which could be everyone's maxims." The university and necessity of this law are ensured by everyone's legislation for themselves, that is to say Autonomy. What the autonomy says is that the man is the final good and the highest good. Since man is free, he has dignity. And the essence of person is good.The description of "the finite rational being" isn't the whole of person, which could approach the highest good incessantly. We should be only determined by the moral law to expose our dignities!...