| After the defeat of France in June 1940, there appeared Resistance Movement for the liberation and independence of France both at home and abroad. In the early days of occupation by Nazi German, France Resistance Movement can be divided into two parts. One part stayed at home, who adopted more economic, political and promoting approaches than the military ways. The other part, the "Free France," led by Charles de Gaulles, took actions abroad. Based on Britain, this part struggled by military forces, and called for the support of the French colonies. The Resisters inside France had less contact with each other, just as their connection with de Gaulles. After the broken of Soviet-Nazi War, France Resistance Movement won great development. Accordingly, at that time, the most important task of the resisters was the combination of all resistance forces. In May 1943, Conseil National de la Résistance (CNR) was built. Both the resistances at home and abroad now were united into one organization to carry out their resistance affairs. Not long after the D-Day Normandy Landings, France saw her liberation. Then the French provisional government, which was headed by de Gaulles, was established, and took over the management of the liberated France. During the period of provisional governments, France Resistance Movement experienced successively the rule of de Gaulles and the rein of the tripartite government, which were the French Communist party (Parti Communiste Francais, PCF), French Socialist Party (Parti Socialiste Francais, SFIO) and Mouvement Républicain Populaire (MRP). It also witnessed three referendums and elections in this period of time. At last, a new draft constitution was approved by the French people in November 1946, which started the Fourth Republic. The first government of the Fourth Republic was tripartite too, although the French Communist Party (PCF) was driven out from the Cabinet in May 1947. The reasons why these happened were the outbreak of the Cold War outside France and the worsening of the relation between the France Communist Party and the association of the other parties. This demonstrated that France Resistance Movement, as a unified force, went into history at last. To conclude, France Resistance Movement made the largest part of contribution to the liberation of France in the wartime. It also had its indelible influence to almost all aspects of postwar France as the most importance political force. As we all know, the appeal for social solidarity and the establishment of a unified resistance party failed. Domestic politics always has close connection with international politics. In fact, this failure deeply rooted in the situation of that time, both at home and abroad. The Cold War was one of the most importance reasons why the three parties broke away. The diversity of the ideology between the three parties had reinforced their rift. When there were no external pressure, the broken of their relation was inevitable. Hence, unified resistance party was out of the question. The period from 1944 to 1947 had seen the different party arrangement from the desires of creating a unified resistance party in French political circles. Particularly, it was worth noticing that the most importance parities, not only the Communist Party (PCF) and Socialist (SFIO) party, but also Mouvement Républicain Populaire (MRP), should not be grouped as traditional conservative right wings. They were either typical left wings, or new parties in the war. On the other hand, they did share some common political beliefs. All of these excluded the social cleavage in the prewar time. Although the Resistance Movement became a historical fact now, we could not say that the resistance was a total failure. It only met with one thorough frustration, not being able to set up a unified resistance party. Marxism and Non-Marxism, or Communism, Democratic Socialism and Christian Socialism failed to obtain unification and to forge a single unified political system, but the partial success of the resistance had show the strengtheni...
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