Study On Drought And Relief In Five Provinces Of North China In 1920

North China 5 provinces Zhi Lu Yu Jin Shan ,where took place the severe drought in 1920. According to the Beijing International Famine Relief Commission statistics, amounting to 317 counties had been affected, and a total of 20 million victims. With the drought at the same time locust ,SARS ,and preparedness disasters resulted from army and bandits. Especially the Zhi-wan war in 1920 heavened the drought in five provinces of North China.Why the drought of North China in 1920 occurred, primarily is the geographical environment in North China and the operation and celestial bodies such as the North dry period of natural causes. But the drought hazards so serious, associated with the social causes : 1, the imperialist aggression and Beiyang Warlords corrupt rule;2 the multiplication of population and the increase of barren land ;3, economic crops such as opium cultivation ;4, forest vegetation damage ;5, trafficking rices exports.The drought calamity in North China five provinces in 1920 had a significal and bad influence to Huabei even to all of the country,and threatened the Beiyang Govonment' rule seriously. The Drought caused 500,000 people's death, Most of those young people fled everywhere, and the purchase for children became popular, which resulted in the severe disorder of the structure of people's age and the ratio of sex, the physical essence of calamity area decline also. The hurt visited in the rural community greater, causing agricultural failure, affecting import and export trade of agricultural products Fanners forced to sell livestock, agricultural tools, and even code fields sell housing, and a significant decline in price. Instead the decent is the food prices soar high, Loansharking prevail.All of these afforded opportunity for landlords to grabed land. In order to survive, the victims had to robbery and became bandits, the social conflicts had intensified also. The drought calamity also resulted in the commerce' depression, the failure of education and the reduction of State revenue. The superstision mentality and 'writen in the sky' mind of victims further strengthen To the victims, the drought caused tremendous psychological pressure, which led social ethic's downfall.At the beginning of drought, because of political and military struggle, it has not caused the Beiyang government taking a adequate attention. Until August 1920, the Beiyang government funding 20000- 30,000 yuan for the relief for Zhi Luyu.The Beiyang government established temporary commission for relief on September, also, established supervise organization for relief on october,which in charge of all the things about five province's relief on October,again,the government made and published regulation which included seventeen cluses on November, and adopted the policy of reduced taxes to encourage business carriers pct. For the collection funds the...