A Study On The Thoughts Of Famine Relief Policies In Ming Dynasty

The thoughts of famine relief policies are the important constituent of the economic thoughts. Studing and summaring the thoughts of famine relief policies in Ming Dynasty is not only the responsibility of the economic thoughts researchers, but also has the important reference and model significance regarding the contemporary agricultural disaster prevention and reduction. The former research of academic circles mostly was summarized from the angles of water conservation, river course government and famine history. Although had some encouraging achievements, special systematic research results was actually rare from the economic thought angle.Therefore, this article in the foundation of the predecessors, conducts experimentally, so may offer their valuable ideas to analyse, study and summarize. This article embarks actually from the history, takes the scientific theory as the instruction to analyse and discuss.The key point is to summary the content and characteristic,to point out the model significance. This article is divided into three major parts:In the first part,throughing reorganizing and analysing massive material, I elaborate the famine survey of Ming and occur the reasons and consequences.The second part is the core of this article (including second, third, fourth, fifth chapter). I carry on collecting, reorganizing and screening the massive literature, and try to analyse, compary and research the characters' views.The main viewpoint of this article is: 1.The view of'Compendium'is the main characteristic of Lin Xiyuan. Also I point out the enlightenment to the question of'Depending upon the human to implement the policy', the gap between rich and poor and corruption in our country.2.The most major characteristic of Tu Long is comprehensive recording and editing the thoughts.His prominent contribution is so-called'best plan', which emphasizes that the grain commodity can relieve famine.Concurrently it can abolish the government authorities using the businessmen to practice.3.The basic spirit of Xu Guangqi is'Preventing is best, Preparing is better, relieving is bad'.He takes the agricultural politics as the starting point to elaborate the question of famine relief and believes that preventing and preparing is the most meaningful.4.The other thoughts mainly have Sun Shengwu's view of Saving to prepare, Zhong Huamin's view of Reliving famine , He Chunzhi's view of Superstition ,Liu Shijiao's of Persuading ,Zhou Kongjiao' s view of Stabling popular's sentiment and Zhang Bi's view of Being Experienced. Moreover, They give us certain inspiration in such six aspects: the Society of frugality type, Applying theory to reality, Doing good deeds,Restraining the market behavior by the government, Popular sentiment, People's public servant .In the third part, I unify the thoughts and the enterprise of agriculture disaster prevention and reduction in our country, and point out the enlightenment of reducing agriculture disaster from now on.So we must treat the agricultural disaster correctly, establish agricultural disaster prevention and reduction system which takes disaster reduction agriculture as the trend of development, takes the science and technology as the core and takes the investment as the key.