The Study Of The "Yinggai" From Various Visual Angles

"Yinggai (应该) " shows two meanings in modern Chinese, which can be noted as "yinggai₁ (应该₁) " and "yinggai₂ (应该₂) ". "Yinggai₁ (应该₁) " expresses "must to do in reason" or "fair and reasonable". "Yinggai₂ (应该₂) " expresses "something is probably like this ". They belong to deontic modality and epistemic modality respectively. This paper discusses "yinggai (应该) " and some correlated phenomenon from many aspects."Yinggai 应该)" should be considered as a conversion words on the part of speech, "yinggai₁ (应该₁) " is a auxiliary verbs and "yinggai₂ (应该 ₂)" is a adverbs. Concerning the character of the structure "yinggai (应该 )+VP", this paper analyses "yinggai₁ (应该₁ )+VP" as narrative-object structures and analyses "yinggai₂ (应该₂) +VP" as verb-adverbial structure.About the evolvement of "yinggai (应该) ", this paper deems that "yinggai₂ (应该₂) " appears later than "yinggai₁ (应该₁) ", which was combined by "ying (应 ) " and "gai (该) " in early Mandarin period and was grammaticalized to be adverb "yinggai₂ (应该₂)" through the course of inference. In this course the subjectivity also toned up gradually.Comparing "yinggai₁ (应该₁) " and "yinggai₂ (应该₂) ", we find there are many dissimilarities between them. For instance, they differ in negative forms , the collocation with "shi (是) ", the format of question and answer, the co-occurrence with "le₁ (了₁) ", the collocation with auxiliary verbs and clause. In semantics , they differ in relation with grammatical meaning of "unfinished" and "finished", the pertinence with the subjects of sentences and the speaker subject and the meaning of thefollowing elements(act or fettle).As far as "yinggaishuo (jSi^i&) " which used frequently in modern Chinese, we regard it as parenthesis which means "we can look on something like this in the rough". "yinggaishuoCjSZi^ijJ!,)" is very agile in syntactic position and expresses the mood of circumbendibus > incertitude, and the attitude of humility> wariness in pragmatics. Sometimes it has evident cohesion function.The sentence that contains "yinggaiC /Si^ )" maybe shows more than one meaning, such as syntactic quasi-ambiguity and syntactic multivocal presentation. Because "yinggai (jSi^) " has two meanings which appear in the same syntactic environment usually. This paper distinguishes and analyses this two kinds of sentence.In addition, this paper compared "yinggai (fki%) " and "gai (i%) " curtly. "yinggai2 (iSZil;2) " is a feeble tache in research. There are many disyllabic words analogous in meaning to "yinggai2 (J^LtM 2) "in modern Chinese, such as "keneng ( nj tï¿¡) '\ "yexu (â– &#) '\ "dagai (JM) " and "kongpaCSffi)". Comparing "yinggai2(i3Zi^ 2)" with them, we find that they differ in the degree of possibility and pragmatic meaning though they express "estimate" in common.