Research On The Development And Influential Factors Of Preschool Children's Resilience

Preschool children's resilience means the ability to bare, resist and overcome the frustrations, including the tolerance and the ability of conquering, which is necessary for preschool children adapting themselves to the social environment. The development of resilience is an important part of healthy personality. Sigmund Freud, the psychologist of psychoanalysis, believes that personality characteristic depends on the experience of the first 5 years in life. His opinion indicates that preschool childhood is a critical period and the improvement of preschool children's resilience is very important. However, the research on this issue is deficient. So, it is necessary to study on the development and influential factors of preschool children's resilience.By using of the methods of questionnaire and the interview, this study explores the developmental characters of preschool children's resilience and the factors influencing preschool children's resilience. The results show that: (1) Preschool children's resilience development has significant age difference, which increases with age, and the age of 3-4 is a critical period. (2) Preschool children's resilience development has no significant sex difference. (3) The individual factors involve physical ability, experiences, self-confidence, curiosity and interests, motivation style, attribution style, self-expectation, sharing consciousness, patience and circumspection, security, communicating ability and so on. The environmental factors involve both teachers' educational opinions and behaviors and parents', and the situation factors etc. In addition, this research believes that the educational practice should have clear aims and we should think about the individual and environmental factors, according to the children's total development of psychology and the principle of resilience development.