| The goal of modern neurosurgery is to improve the survival ratesand quality of life of patients with surgically treatable intracranial lesions, and the primary principle of surgical is to resect the lesions or some cortex avoiding damaging important neural functions, so it is most important to localize the eloquent areas of the brain , for example motor , language and et al. The gold standard for identifying these areas of the brain is direct cortical stimulation and somatosensory evoked potential monitoring, which is itself an invasive, cumbersome and difficult technique for mapping these areas. Functional magnetic resonance imaging shows great promise as a viable noninvasive alternative to invasive mapping as well as significant current clinical utility. Fmri is becoming a standard tool for the presurgical localization and mapping of brain areas involved in language processing.The objective of the study is to determine the specificity and sensitivity of four language tasks comparing them by fMRI, and choose appropriate task paradigms providing proof of establish a criterion of presurgical localization of language. Four language tasks are included in this study semantic discrimination, verb generation, none repetition, and reversal word semantic discrimination. With validiity we mean whether the eloquent areas of language involved ,and the consistency of the activated areas, reliability means the chance of activating a certain brain region in a single person with a give task.The results suggest that the validity and reliability of verb generation and the high conflict condition of reversal semantic discrimination is the most proper, manifesting the left lateralization, and main language areas are activated involving Broca area, Wernicke area, inferior frontal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, left parietal lobe, and bilateral insula, which are activated in over 70% participants . The strength and region of language activated areas are different for the task difficulty.
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