The Vicissitude Of Sparta And Research On Xenophone's Political Thought

Constitution of the Lacedamonians is important resources for research on the vicissitude of Spatar, which reflects Xenophon's political thought. On the basis of completely analyzing the main content of Constitution ofthe Lacedamonians, this thesis discussed the vicissitude of Sparta and Xenophone's political thought in the use of articles of other ancient classical authors and results of other scholars.This thesis is composed of text that is consisted of three parts, appendix and reference. Part one discriminated between Lacedamonians and Spartans and comment on the backgrounds of production and value of Constitution of the Lacedamonians. Part two analyzed the main content of Constitution of the Lacedamonians on procreation, education, economy and military and commented on the opinions of Xenophone. In Constitution of the Lacedamonians, Xenophon praised Lycurgus very much. He thought that the decline of Sparta resulted from the disobedience of Spartans for Lycurgus's laws very much who was corrupted exotic factors. But this is just the surface, In the late of 5^th century B.C and 4^th century, the dated Lycurgus's laws couldn't adapt to the development of Spata. The population of Sparta decreased gradually. There was no person with spirits of revolution and innovation. Such problems were couldn't be resolved by Lycurgus's laws. Disasters, wars and the problems of systems and other factors resulted on the decline of Sparta. The third part dissected Xenophon's political thoughts. Xenophon hold that the principle, according to which useful things are good things, lawful things are just things. He emphasized the use on military, on which he divided different classes and gave them different functions. At the same time, Xenophon thought government should control education and make plans for it.