| The materialist theory of history established by Marx and Engels in the mid-19th century not only laid the theoretic foundation for social science and humanities but also made the study of aesthetics transcend metaphysics and come to the age of empiricism. Accordingly, physiology, physics and other natural sciences were also introduced to the field of vocal music widely. Since then the art of vocal music has had its theoretic guide. However, just as the phenomenon of alienation that scientific achievements control human beings in return due to the over-expansion of instrumental rationality, with the entrance of natural science, there has appeared the phenomenon of emphasizing skills but ignoring art, which has led to the aesthetic alienation in the field of vocal music. Natural science helps clarify issues of vocal music that could not be clearly self-explained, and at the same time it also makes the beauty of vocal music more prominent. Without truth, there can never be beauty. Therefore, the issue does not lie in science. There is no contradiction between vocal music's aesthetic nature and natural science, so science shouldn't have been blamed for the aesthetic alienation in vocal music. The essential way to solve the problem is to find out its root causes. This essay reviews the phenomena of the aesthetic alienation in vocal music, studies their root causes and points out the important roles played by people's whole concept and cultural awareness in overcoming and preventing the phenomena of aesthetic alienation to realize artistic values of vocal music.
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