The Negotiation Of The Tianjin Treaty Between China And Japan In 1885

The korean coup d'etat in 1884 had the huge impact on the Japanese government and the people..The Japanese government decided to dispatch Ito Hirobumi (伊藤博文 ) and his diplomatic group to deal with the military conflict between the Chinese and Janpanese army in the Korean coup d'etat. The author wants to discuss the process of the Tianjin negotiation and the effect of the Tianjin treaty in 1885. Without the exordium, the paper can be divided into 6 sections.Ito wanted to solve the incident through the peaceful method which based on his attitude of the response of the domestic public opinion, and the analysis about the situation of the war between the China and French at that time, and understanding of the instruction from the government. Ito's diplomatic group has many attaches including the civil official and military officer.,the goal of the former was to assist Ito's negotiation, and it of the latter was to reconcile the discontented mood of the military ,also to spy the Chinese national information in order to ready for the coming war.From the second to the fifth section, the authors wants to expatiate that, Ito and his diplomatic group arrived at Tianjin and Beijing in Feburary and March,he met the officals of the Zongli Yamen (总理衙门) and Li hongchung(李鸿章),they had a hard negotiation for talking about three main problems for 6 times with Li, which he asked for achieving the compromise about withdrawing the troops together, getting the punishment of the Cinese military officer in Korea and the indemnity from the Chinese government for the injury to the Japanese aliens by the Chinese troop in the Korean coup d'etat, and getting the right of dispatching the Japanese army into Korea again in the future. Through the analysis between the Chinese note of the negotiation and the Japanese one, the author noticed that the different between them and respected for the lost content in the Chinese notes specially with taking use of the Japanese one, and knew the diplomatic skill of Ito and could try to explain the reasons why Li hong chung had had to make a comproise by the pression of Ito.Li had to scruple the attitude of the Zongli Yamen, so he changed his appraisal on Ito and the Chinese record was also tormented its real by the hands of Li...The last section, the author want to say that, although Ito got an advantageous treaty for Japan, he couldn't subside the public opinion that asked to show a more strong attitude to the China and Korea, especially, the military still complained it and insist in strengthening the military power. After withdrawing the troops of two sides, the Russian influence took the advantage of the situation to enter Korea, to make the situation more and more complex. But Ito had got a perfect success in the field of the diplomacy and won the prestige to go on the way to be the first prime minister.Finally,as the end of the Tianjin treaty, Ito showed his ability to get the superiority by his diplomatic ideas, the skills and even his personality charm. Li hong chung tried to propose a confidential treaty in view of guarding Russia. Ito got the same military right as china in the Korea.,for his had understood completely the view that the Chinese government and Li hongchung would never give up dispatching the army into Korea again. The view of Zongli Yamen related to the system that brings a tribute to the Chinese court as a traditional honor, the one of Lihongchung was opposite from it ,which was thinking of the realistic situation of the east Asia deeply, the contradictory of the views of the two sides decided the compromise in the negotiation with their Japanese match.