| Processing speed and working memory, the two basic cognitive processing factors have close relationships with the difference in the intelligence test scores. The present study attempted to validate the etiology of mild mental retardation, that the children with mild mental retardation(MMR)have limitations in basic cognitive capacity by studying the special group.The present study chose 696 children without MMR(IQ>75) and 149 children with MMR as participant. All the participants received three tests, including basic cognitive processing test, WISC-CR, academic achievements test. The aim of the study was to explore the difference in the basic cognitive processing factors between the groups with different intelligence levels,the relationship between elementary cognitive processing test and academic achievements, and the diagnostic ability of the elementary cognitive processing test.All the participants received three tests again after one year, to explore the reliability of the elementary cognitive processing test, the development of the elementary cognitive processing factors in children with MMR, the developmental difference between groups and so on.The results were as follow:1.Most children with MMR display severe deficiencies in basic cognitive processing factors.2. The basic cognitive processing factors can explain the variation of achievements to some extent.3. The basic cognitive processing tests can identify the children with MMR effectively.4. The basic cognitive capacity has significant development in children with MMR.5. The groups of different intelligence levels has uneven development in different basic cognitive processing factors.6.The basic cognitive processing test is a diagnostic tool of high reliability and validation.
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