Studies Of Huang Shang' Poetry

Huang Shang was an important writer in the Song Dynasty, but the studies on him are much less, and lack of systimatic analysis. The thesis is to return Huang Shang 'position in the Song Dynasty literature by studying his life, poetry, thoughts on poems, contents of poetry, style and creative characteristics comprehensively.The chapter one sum up Huang Shang' life, and discusses the causes of his poetry creation. He studied diligently in hometown, and went to the capital when he grew up. He wrote as a leisure style after he was on official career and created many poems. In the Song Dynasty, Ru xue thought was spread, the excellent social mood developed influence on Huang Shang' writings. Most of his poems are on Nature and association, it connects with his experiences and thoughts closely.The second chapter discusses Huang Shang's thoughts of poetry. It can be seen in his preface and articles. His thoughts included, poets must express real feeling and it must come from the nature. The thoughts must lie in the poet's heart, then express them by language and writing. Secondly, he praised the theory of preface to the Mao annotated book of poems. Huang Shang thought that poem was the expression of human' feeling and character, and it had rational feeling by purifying reasonably, it was a result of mutual reaction of feeling with reason, percept with ration, personal feeling with social morals orders, it was a combination of "feeling" and "ideal". Most of Huang Shang's poetry are expressions of his feeling, it is different from exaggerations of feeling, from the free non-rationalism, from the deny of literature's independence and absolute rationalism giving up all of personal feelings. It is a expression of the feeling comes from the suitable manners. So Huang Shang followed the traditional root of expressing feeling for the hidden ideal from his creative view or practice.The third chapter is the classified studies of Huang Shang's poetry. It is divided into poems on Nature, on objects and association. His poems on Nature depict the famous lakes and mountains with many tourists or his beautiful gardens. The contents include his experiences of official career, happy outing, visiting friends living in the mountain and so on. His poems on objects include the depiction of animals, for example, dog, hawk, spider, and silkworm and so forth; on plants, they are chrysanthemum, plum, poetry and so on, others are fog in spring, clouds in summer, snow sin winter. His poems on objects often catch the characteristics to make clear his thoughts, or to satire ugly social events. Though there are some conventional poems on farewell, elegy, there have the moving expressions on friendship. We can see that the poet's perceptual aspect unfold before our eyes really by his poetry.Chapter four is the study on Huang Shang's style of poetry. The thesis chooses some representative poems to analyze, especially ancient types poems, lushi, jueju. His poems of ancient type have a common trait given by the time, that it is, like discussing, though there are some differences in his ancient type poems. The style of language in his jueiu is natural, vivid. It shows the poet's peaceful mood because of no sad feelings. But there is no much excellent writings in his lushi.Chapter five is the research on the creative characteristic of Huang Shang's poems. The chapter mainly discusses the Taoism style and analyze the image in his poetry. His thoughts involves Confucianism, Taoism and Buddha as an important writer and traditional literati living in the Song Dynasty with mature culture. He praises and trusts Taoism all his life. There is distinguishing wishing Taoism style in his poetry, and it is a main characteristic that is different from other contemporary poets. What often appears in his poems is snow, bright moon, light wind, plum, bamboo, seagull, heron and so on. He expresses his persistent and pure quality by using mentioned-above natural images. Huang Shang regards these pure and grace image as his reaction of the noble personality. He places the particular nature images as the reflection of his lofty spirit, and it accords with the cultural spirit in the Song Dynasty, and tallies with the thick humanism spirit.