| This paper bases on Sperber & Wilson's theory of relevancy to explore the effects cognitive context has made on translating process and translation strategies. The author has made a review of the cognitive contextual correlation of relevancy and attempted to utilize the theory to guide translation practice. It is proved that both the translator's cognitive context towards the understanding of source text and target readers' cognitive competence play important roles in translating.The research first is concerned with the impacts context has imposed on translation. Then the significance of translator's cognitive context towards the understanding of source text and readers' cognitive competence, aesthetic and ethical value are verified, which makes appropriate adjustments essential to achieve an ideal translation .From the point of view of theory of relevancy, the author has also explored the interrelationship between cognitive context and translation strategies and revealed that cognitive context plays a positive role in the concrete translation strategies such as literal translation, free translation and meaning compensation in translation. A translator must surmount the difference existing in cognitive context, making an active communication to bridge the gap between both languages and cultures. Consequently, he or she can refrain from the barriers of transmitting the information and achieve the optimal translation.Translation is not only a transference of languages, but also a transmission of cognitive information. The task for a translator is to remove the obstacles of the cognitive exchange appearing in two languages. For that reason, it is necessary for a translator to strain to learn both languages well. What's more, he or she must acquaint himself with the non-language knowledge to form a right cognitive context, hence make an equivalent transference between the source language and the target language in order to achieve the equivalent pragmatic translation.
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