Socrates' Philosophy And Its' Significance

Socrates is an important figure in the history of Western philosophy. His philosophy has had a far-reaching impact in the entire Western philosophy. Socrates'philosophy is worth studying. In the world, scholars study or pay attention to discriminate the history material , or are interested in his dedication to the cause of deeds .In this paper, Refering to the research results on the basis of the predecessors, I exposit systematicly the phillosophy of Socrates through on the two basic principles-—"rational" and "goodwill" based on marxism and I attempt to find a solution to some of the issues facing the modern intends to draw on. This paper consists of the following five parts:PartⅠ: Changes in the hunan theory of philosophy—from the sky to the earth .I discussese chiefly the philosophical significance of the changes. First, I introduct the early of natural philosophy and its basic characteristics, in order to understand the philosophy of Socrates theoretical background; Second, I show the basic attitude of Socrates on early natural philosophy, to describe how he was critical to the early natural philosophy; Third, transition from the above two changes to the philosophy of Socrates, Socrates thought that philosophy should not be confined to the study of "natural" but "ego" and the main task of philosophy is to "know thyself.". The first admits that his understanding of his own ignorance, ignorance can have real knowledge, understanding of human nature is the soul, understanding of their understanding of a person's soul is understanding the soul does not recognize the other part of the soul but of a rational understanding of the soul.Part II : The rise of philosophy—from the individual to the ordinary individual. Socratic philosophy was to "know thyself" and "rational" principle specific start. From Socratic dialogue, summarized "What is X" is the definition of the problem. I point out that this is a major contribution to the philosophy of Socrates, and then present that how Socrates uncovered obstacles was agreeing that the dialogue between the dialectics of reality. On the basis of information, I ilustruate how the specific individual increased by up to the general abstract "idea".Then I compare to the Socrates'"idea"and Plato's "idea" of the similarities and differences , find out that Socrates is the founder of idea . Part III: Metaphysics—from the concept to good ethics. I exposit systematicly the moral philosophy of Socrates. I describe Socrates'"idea"is an abstract general to the specific individual, and it is Socrates'knowledge; Second, I explain the philosophy of Socrates two basic proposition: "knowledge is virtue" and "virtue is knowledge." He derived his moral doctrine of two conclusions: "No one intentionally in society" and "ignorance is evil". The part explain the way how Socrates unitied the truth and the moral good; Finally, From a different perspective on the philosophy of Socrates, I presencee "goodwill" maximumly and made a tentative interpretation.Part IV: The practice of philosophy—from birth to death .Socrates is the faithfull practicer of his philosophy , his philosophical principle is the principle of his life. Because his fullfilling Athens'"Gadfly" philosophy as his life's mission , The Athens were engaged in the cause of hatred ,gave him a civil, sentenced his death finally. He become martyrs philosophy that embodies the philosophy all in his life, his life is his philosophy.Part V: Philosophy's significance—From Socrates to the meaning of modern philosophy. First, I exposit briefly the compact of Socrates'philosophy in the ancient Greek philosophy, in the whole of Western philosophy and in the future of Western civilization, then I try to illustruate the theoretical and practical significance of Socrates'philosophy in modern...