An Essay On Kant "the Imngiantion" Double Structure

Kant is the person who is at the key position in the modern philosophic and aesthetic domain. Kant's philosophy has the dual opposition, has manifested the conflict of the humanistic spirit and the scientific spirit, the sensibility and the reason, the freedom and the necessity. Kant's philosophy social root lies in: Firstly, it is the Renaissance influence; Secondly, it is the natural sciences development. Thirdly, it is French Revolution's influence;Fourthly, it is the present situation which Germany falls behind.The imagination concept has existed since ancient times. The ancient Greek Rome time, Plato on the one hand advocated excludes the poet from the republic of plato, namely excluded the imagination, on the other hand thought a poet takes the place of the god and commits the ideas to paper, to raise the imagination. Aristotle suppressed imagination based on the theory of the wax block and the tabula rasa. On the other hand, he also realizes to the imagination vital role in the literary arts. Horance on the one hand to think the poem needs to fictionalize, takes the imagination, on the other hand to think the poetry must be close to the reality, suppresses the imagination. The middle ages and Renaissance time, Thomas Aquinas that follows Aristotle's tradition, divides the sense organ into the outside sense organ and the inside sense organ. He thought the imagination belongs to the inside sense organ, suppresses the imagination, on the other hand, also thought the imagination common to the sleep, the lunatic and confuses crazily, takes the imagination. Dante thinks his own Divine Comedy's processing way, on the one hand it is the poetic, fictitious, descriptive, talks at random, nothing which is not and, has manifested the humanistic spirit; On the other hand, it also has the definition, has the discrimination, has the proof, has the retorting, has manifested the scientific spirit. Ronsard proposed the imagination poem study, Montagine thought the poem plunders reason, Shakespeare thought the imagination exists in the middle of the poet, the lunatic and the sweetheart, and embarks from his own creative experience, thought the imagination creates at the play has the vital role, raises high the imagination. In 17, 18th century England experiences faction in the middle of aesthetics, Bacon on the one hand thought imaginaion and fiction basic characteristic, which is by the poetry primarily literary arts. On the other hand he thought in the poetry the willful union and division has violated the natural law. Hobbes pays equal attention to the imagination and the judgment, and divides imagination into simple imagination and the duplicate imagination, Addison proposed the imagination pleasant sensation, Pope thought the poetry would provide the wisdom, Feilding thought the writer would be authorized to the free utilization imagination. Locke relates the imagination and the skillful wisdom, negative imagination. French Decartes, Pascal in order to win the status for reason, especially mathematics, negative imagination function. Vico proposed "poetic wisdom", raises high the imagination function. The German classical esthetics tries hard to surmount the Kant "the imagination", Fichte by "absolute oneself", Schelling by "constitution identical", Hegel by "the absolute spirit", Feuerbach dispels Kant by "the person" to surmount "the imagination" the double structure. In 19th century romanticism aesthetics, take Coleridge and Wordsworth as presentative. They both take relations of the poet and the imagination. They carried on the discrimination to the imagination and the fantasy, Coleridge proposed the first imagination and the second imagination. Heidegger explains Kamt's imagination from person's understanding finitude angle.Kant's imagination will have the transportation and the loadbearing function, creative function, the memory function, the recollection in the past and the foresight future function in the philosophy and aesthetics. Kant divides the imagination into the reproductive imagination and the productive imagination. In the Practical Anthropology, Kant discussed the imagination's purposeful mechanism, discussed the imagination and the dream, intoxication and so on the relations. In the epistemology, the imagination is restrained and limited by the understanding; In the aethics, the imagination is restrained and limited by the understanding; Only has in the aesthetics, in talent there, the imagination is free, beauty is the imagination and understanding which are at the free game condition, the talent is the person who formulate the principle for art, the talent may create the beautiful art. In the first edition of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason, emphasized the subjective deduction, raises high the imagination; In the second edition, emphasized the objective deduction, disparages the imagination. This indicated Kant's imagination has the double structure, has manifested the humanistic spirit and the scientific spirit, has the dual opposition of the sensibility and the reason, the freedom and the necessity. Kant's imagination has manifested the Renaissance time two big discoveries-natural discovery and person's discovery; The imagination is the common root of the sensibility and the undestanding, is joining the sensibility and the understanding, on the one hand it is sensible, on the other hand it also is reasonable; The kant's imagination has manifested the necessity in Critique of Pure Reason, has manifested the freedom in Critique of practical reason; Beauty is the imagination and the understanding harmonic motion, and sublime is the conflict of imagination and the understanding.The double structure philosophyic root of Kant "the imagination" lies in Kant "the thing itself" duality; The thought's root lies in the origin of the Kant's thought, Kant's thought indirectly originates from Rousseau and Newton, directly originates from the England empiricism and the mainland rationalism, namely Hume and Leibniz; Kant "the imagination" the double structure had indicated Kant's puzzle-Sphinx riddle, namely "what is man", Kant try hard to use "the cultural-moral person"" to surmount Rousseau "the natural person", Marx's peson's full scale development view has made the explanation to this question.