Study Of Environment And Reinforcement Of Main Part Of The Ancient Ruins Of Jiaohe

The State Council designated the Ancient Ruins of Jiaohe as a nation-wide major arts and sciences protection unit in 1961.It is a well-known historic city on the Silk Road, the City itself has an extremely distinctive characteristic, i.e. it is a sample of ancient earthy city construction rare in the world. But it is regretful that they were eroded and deflated under the specific climate in the areas and damaged are extraordinary fragility. So it is essential to strengthen protection of the Ancient Ruins of Jiaohe and the studies on conservation by science and technology, to rescue and consolidate the Ancient Ruins of Jiaohe on the brink of wrack and ruin. Along with the development of western regions and the growth of national economy, it has already been a focus that the Ancient Ruins of Jiaohe should be conservated.By the existing condition investigation of the Ancient Ruins of Jiaohe,the author has researched systemically and deeply and got special subjects.The major results are follows: physical and chemical analysis of the cause of the site plateaus'collapse; components of earthy body of the construction;cause of damages of the buildings' wall, chemical of the surface of the walls; the Buddhist temples and caves. And put forward the rational protective measures. It mainly deals with the following aspects:First of all, the author has made particular investigation, analysised the relation between the mainly diseases and environment, and the earthen property, considered that the mainly conservation issues are: wind erosion, rain erosion, collapse of wall, gully erosion ,flaking and man-made damage. And the essential cause of diseases was analyzed and concluded to specia environment and the earthen property.And then, testing the physics properties, mechanics properties, water of the soil properties and chemical properties of the soil, the result indicates that the dry density of the site surface weathered soil is 1.42～1.72g/cm~3. Mechanics intensity occupy obvious anisotropism.In succession, the tests have been taken using PS material to consolidating the site. The labtest and field test figure makes clear that it's dry density between 1.42～1.72g/cm~3 and suit to the PS material with concentration 5%. The length of the anchor was not suitable to be longer than 2.0m when the wood anchor and PS serosity were used to reinforce the immature earthen sites. The unit anchoring power of wood could be adopted to equal to 5 kN/ m, and the bolting force of the single anchor was larger than 4 kN/m.In the end, some comprehensive protective measures were suggested: wooden bars'anchoring, crack's grouting, surface's consolidation to avoid weathering and enhance the management of tourists. The design concept of rescuing protective measures has been ratified by State Administration of Cultural Heritage.