The Study Of The Protection Technology Of The Ancient Cultural Sites In Humid Environment

As an important class of the cultural heritage, the sites of ancient culture contain a large number of historical and cultural information; also the information is the most important deposition that can reflect the culture of each historical stage. Chinese cultural heritage contains a unique spiritual value of the nation, way of thinking, imagination, and could reflect the vitality and creativity of the Chinese nation, so the study of cultural heritage is of great significance for the study of the evolution of human culture. At present, the China’s ancient cultural sites’ exploring and protecting face opportunities and challenges:the destruction of the forces of nature for thousands of years, the damage caused by environmental factors in the later work of excavation and protection of the sites, as well as the rapid development of urban and rural construction, rural production and living, and other destruction of the human factors. All of those factors made many of the already fragile body and its environmental features of the ancient cultural sites pose a deadly threat.Presently, many experts and scholars at home and abroad have conducted in deep research on the protection of ancient cultural sites in the wet conditions, formulated some technical measures and synthesized many chemical materials, including organic and inorganic materials. One of the more widely used is the silicone material, and many tests showed that organic materials can play good reinforcement effect.By summing up the history of research and development for the protection, the conservation status of ancient cultural sites at home and abroad, three quantitative indexes: relative humidity, moisture content and wet coefficient have been chosen for making a clear and simple definition for the humid environment. By the quantitative comparison, we can get the distribution situation of the humid environment. Then the text described the distribution of ancient cultural sites in humid environment by analyzing induction the presence of environmental conditions of the ancient cultural sites.Then, we can get the influence mechanism and the main diseases of the ancient cultural sites in humid environment by analyzing the existing environmental conditions and wate movement.Summing up the above, it can be seen that the ancient cultural sites in humid environment, in addition to receiving the weathering effects such as the ancient sited of the arid area of Northwest suffered, the water damage is the most common and important disease, this can lead to the humid environment to be unfavorable to the protection of ancient cultural sites. As a consequence, to discuss the prevention and treatment of the groundwater is the key issue for the protection technology of ancient cultural sites.Finally, put forward a series of key issues to be addressed and technical ideas combined with technical requirements for the protection of ancient cultural sites. The text selected the protection of the Underground Palace in Nanjing Baoen temple site as engineering example. At first, by analyzing the annual precipitation,daily mean temperature and average relative humidity of Nanjing in recent years, it can be seen, the site was located in humid environment; Then, after a lot of data analysis methods, site investigations, including the site surrounding pumping and seepage test, analyses and tests in the laboratory to get the groundwater quality, and analyses the groundwater environment and the presence of major diseases, it is found to protect the site, we need build a protection room, the construction of drainage facilities, the cutoff wall and the gravel filter layer, the use of organic reinforcement of weather-resistant materials, the establishment of professional climate and environment monitoring system for the protection.Through these, the site can get scientific and reasonable protection.