With The Argument Of The Expressionism To Analysis West Marxism Artistic Form Theory

1937～1938 years have carried out an argument which about Expressionism in the Germany Marxist theorists, although this argument occur in 1930's, it was actually a hot spot research in Marxist esthetics.Argument of the Expressionism is a West Marxist esthetics involved legal matter, this in which has the profound social history reason, this debate is because causes to the Expressionism appraisal, also how revolves to appraise the Expressionism as well as Modernist art. This article talk about the theory form Lukacs Gyorgy,Berlot Brecht and Walter Benjamin who were typical character this argument, through discourse their theory about the form of artistic, analyzes the form of artistic have special status in the West Marxist esthetics. The west Marxism thought art is the powerful tool, which can carry the revolutionary in the energetic domain, therefore, the artistic form has been melted by the history, has politicized, consciousness morphologization.This argument has the profound social history reason, the West industrial nation enters the capitalism to highly develop time one after another, because its capitalism basic contradiction is solved by the society intervenes, social revolution consciousness is assimilated, moreover Europe Fascism take terrorist method carries on the suppression to the revolution, in political, the economical domain revolution has been impossible, therefore these Western Marxist only can changes the direction of the revolutionize to the energetic cultural domain, devotes in the free culture domain construction critique weapon.This thought reflection in the artistic domain, is the people starts to ponder whether the realism also does look like it in 19th century, creates magnificently for us, is our legitimate art criticism inheritance. The 20th century literary realities appeared many new artisitic form, like Expressionism, Symbolism, Surrealism and so on Modernist art, these new artistic form take the self-expression as a primary intention, they mostly display for the resolution traditional culture entrust with the thing the significance, emphasized individual experience, in the form the disorder disorderly, not balanced, does not have the structure, does not have the center, rebels against traditional realism, therefore, in the literary theorists, how regards and analyzes this kind of modernism literature to become the immediate topic.In this argument, the Hungarian famous estheticians and literary theoretician Lukacs Gyorgy as the conservative faction, defends the Realism vigorously, but to the Expressionism and so on Modernist artistic forms, holds the total repudiation manner. Lukacs from the totality, thinks only the Realism to be able to reflect truly the social appearance, reflected human's complete individuality, Lukacs thought the Expressionism is only abstract opposition capitalism, in the content is actually the empty abstract, this kind abstract not impossible to promulgate the phenomenon the social root, only can cause to be separated from "the struggle core".The Berlot Brecht is the German Augus play writer, he also advocates the realism, but he thought the Realism is the request displays the reality with the new form. The Realism is one kind of manner, but is not the fixed invariablepattern;. He requests the new performance reality ability, must grasp the new artistic skill. In his narrative play theory, the play was requested utilise the skill of "intermission" to achieve one kind of unfamiliar effect, "intermission" is different with the reality, like this may cause the audience to have astonished and the curiosity, guides the audience to the process or the character which displays adopts one kind of discussion the critique manner, may grasp the reality which the plot unfolds. Berlot Brecht advocated use the new skill performance reality, this gave the Expressionism to be conservative.Walter Benjamin is Germany important literature critic in the 20th century first half issue, opposite with Lukacs, he thought Modern art and for example Symbolism, Surrealism are the true powerful art, this kind of art has the most intense destructive power, may propose the incisive critique to the capitalist society. He utilizes the Marxism production theory in esthetics research, he thought the writer is a producer, art was taken the commodity through the mechanical mass duplication, the innovation of technical method liberates art from privileged class's monopoly, causes art to become people's product, become the tool that people can criticize the social, this is the artistic liberation. So Walter Benjamin support the Modernist art like Expressionism.Argument of the Expressionism was considered an important controversy that continues Marx, Engels and Lassalle after aids Jin Gen the debate, in Marxist esthetics. Regardless defend the realism maintenance, request with the new artistic skill performance reality, or support the Modernist art, all may see the form of the artistic has the very important status in the West Marxism esthetics. The west Marxism is based on the revolutionary cultural strategy, places the cultural creation vigor and the thought freedom the first place, Therefore, art has the unique radical significance in the West Marxism esthetics, becomes one kind of new revolutionary tool, and form of the artistic become the undertaker of this kind of social responsibility. Regardless the Realism or the Expressionism, all is the concrete utilization aims at the reality, have the society political significance.