Reza Khan And The Modernization Of Iran In Economic, Social And Cultural Fields

On the early 20^thcentury,Iran faced great hardship derived from both inside and outside.At this critical moment of the nation's destiny,Reza Khan,a nationalist from army,launched a military coup in 1921,overthrew the waning Qajar dynasty and created the last feudal dynasty——the Pahlavi dynasty During his reign,Reza carried out a series of modernizing reforms,which refers to many fields including politics, economy,society and culture and so on.These reforms were broke off by the Second World War and the external powers and they had some limits inevitably,so they didn't completely achieve the expectant goals.However,they did make historical achievements:not only the destiny being annexed of the country was avoided,but also the society advanced and the country developed——the progress of modernization was carried forward.During this period,political modernization has achieved striking success.To the late 1930s,Iran has initially established a unified,centralized independent nation-state. And as the innovation in economic,social and cultural aspects,Iran had been towards a deeper level of modernization.First of all,Reza Khan through financial reform to consolidate the taxation,increase government revenue,for political stability and the reform of the political and military strong backing;through the development of a modern industry and agriculture and transportation establish a preliminary foundation for the modern national economy;through foreign trade and tariff reforms for the country certain rights and interests.Political,economic and other reform measures caused all sorts of social change;especially by government and civil society to promote women in Iran to reform the living conditions of women bring tremendous change.In the cultural,Reza Khan establish a comprehensive modern national educational system, in addition to the development of modern press at the same time promoting social reform.Form the beginning,the rule of Reza was connected with autocracy.With the undermining of other forces and the concentrating of power,his dictatorship was developing year by year.State monopoly of economic,social reform led.government, the Government arranged cultural undertakings,and it is during this period of economic and social Iran an important feature of modern culture.This paper summarizes the stage of economic and social reform measures modern life,and on this basis they discussed various aspects of social change in the formation and development of mutual relations, thus Reza Khan and Iran during this period of economic,social and cultural modernization done a more objective and fair assessment.