Researches On Qian Da-Xin's System Of Ancient Consonants

Qian Da-Xin, was born in the Yong Zheng sixth year(1728), died in the Jia Qing nineth year(1804).He was remarkable as outstanding history master and literature study master in Qing dynasty.Qian's academic source may trace to two aspects. one is the scholarship environment of Qianjia period when he lived,the other is the microenvironment of his educational background.He had many correct achievements in the field of ancient consonants.Besides,Qian's other conclusions also provide many inspire for later generations.1. "there is no difference between zhi(知) and zhao(照)" "no difference between xin(心) and shen(审)". 2.the consonants can be divided into natural and unnatural consonants.3.there was not the conception of "radical(牙音)" in ancient language.4.there are some connections between voiced and unvoiced consonants.Qian's viewpoints of consonant-transformation could be summarised like this:consonants can be divided into standard and changed pronunciation.And if the places or manners of articulation are identical,the change of consonants may occur.The division of ancient consonants in Qian's Shenglei was according to his understanding about transformations of consonants.we will analyse shenglei overall in follow aspects: the stylistic rules and layout of shenglei;the overall analysis of 1702 materials;discuss sevaral questions such as the relationship between labial(唇音) and larynx(喉音),expecting to find some new regulars of consonant-transformation.