Eye-Movement Research On College Students' Attention Prioritization Effect In Real-World Scene Pictures

The prioritization effect of attention means that during the attention-processing on various information, the individual will prioritize on part of the information selectively, and meanwhile activate target location and inhibit the distractions. There are various factors affecting prioritization effect of attention,such as cued or uncued hints, cue locations and distraction stimuli. The research on endogenous attention selection and exogenous attention capture became a cutting-edge and hot realm in General Psychology since Posner suggested that attention could be classified into the attention with endogenous or exogenous cue in early 1980s. The attention with endogenous cue (also known as purpose-driven attention processing) means the attention allocation is based on the behavior target or purpose of the viewer. Whereas the attention with exogenous cue (also known as stimuli-driven attention processing) means the attention is arisen from the onset beyond the visual field of the viewer. The researchers supporting stimuli-driven selective attention theory came up with the visual salience model of vision feature. This model suggested that visual salience plays an important role in prioritization of objects. The reason is that the prioritization effect of attention occurs on the salient objects. When there are several objects competing with each other, because the object has been registered and indexed on retinas in the process of pre-attention and attention, they don't need to be searched again, and consequently they claim the attention prioritization. However, the stimuli in former experiments are mainly simple black and white in color. And the subjects are focused on children and adult mental patients. The number of researches on normal adult individual by using real-world scene pictures as stimuli is relatively low. The ecological validity of the research can be improved if the simple black and white pictures are replaced to colorful real-world scene pictures, which will make the research closer to the real life. So, in order to improving the ecological validity of research, with the adoption of eye-movement techniques, this research analyzed if the onset of the new object in real-word scene picture can attract the attention of individual. This research also analyzed and compared the attention difference between high-attention and low-attention groups of college students under the experiments of endogenous and exogenous cues.The results of the research show that (1)The onsets of the new objects can attract attention. (2)The subjects who have the expectation to see the new objects didn't generally notice them in prioritization. (3)The attention arisen with endogenous and exogenous cues of low-attention group of the college students not only had significant difference with high-attention group in response time, processing speed, and deviation distance between fixation point and target, but also inferior to high-attention group in extent and tactic of processing. The causes of the results are analyzed at the end of the dissertation from the angle of Cognitive Psychology.This research theoretically enriched the understanding of the attention deficit among low-attention college students, and unveiled the possible causes of their attention deficit. These findings are not only conducive to education practice, which helps teachers properly perceive and understand the problems of low-attention college students, but also conducive to help teachers adopt pertinent educational measures and necessary interventional training. Finally it boosted the robust development and improvement of attention of the low-attention college students.