A Comparison Of Expressions Of Potentiality And Related Aspects Between Korean And Chinese

Because of the complication of the potentiality in Chinese, to which no completely corresponding structure in Korean, it's very hard for Korean students to learn the complement of potentiality of Chinese. This thesis analysizes the corresponding rules of expressing potentiality by comparing these two languages, aiming to help Korean students learn how to choose a right way to express the meaning of potentiality as in Chinese.There are three resources of the language corpus in the thesis: the Chinese textbooks for foreigners and the Korean textbooks for foreigners, <800 words in Modern Chinese(Xiandai Hanyu 800Ci)> and its Korean-translated edition, translated in English, Korean and Chinese respectively. According to these materials, we use the comprehensive comparison approach, which combines the advantages of the one-way comparison and the two-way comparison, describing the difference in expressing the potentiality so as to find the rules between Korean and Chinese. The conclusions are drawn as follows:The negative way to express potentiality in Korean could be expressed only in form of negative structure, which means it doesn't have corresponding affirmative way. Therefore, Korean and Chinese have certain similarity in complement of potentiality. The basic structure of complement of potentiality in Chinese is not affirmative, but negative and some of them do not have the corresponding affirmative way. Thus complement of potentiality in Chinese has priority in negative ways.The short negative form"?V"is applied to express potentiality in Korean. Its grammar order is to put the negative remark before V, which is the same as the modal verb in Chinese, and so are the long negative form"V?"in Korean and the negative form"V不C"of complement of potentiality in Chinese, both having the negative remark after the V. "?"in the long negative"V?"is corresponding to"不"in"V不C"structure of the complement of potentiality in Chinese. First, they have the same position, both attached after V; Secondly, their grammar function is similar. Both have a very close relationship with a V before them, The"?"and the V are pronounced quickly, without any stop between them, connecting the V and an auxiliary verb, while the"不"sounds no tone, connecting V and C.