| Through the statistics and Classification on stone artifacts found in Dudian site, this thesis illuminates the characteristics and cultural connotation shown by the combination of instrument, and a comparative study of the differences and similarities in two cultural zones. In addition, we have carried on the detailed discussion to these contents such as remains, hand-ax, and relations with its surrounding sites and so on. The full thesis is divided into six parts.(1)The preface In the first section, we mainly introduce the general situation of the Dudian site and the important significance of this topic research. The Dudian site is an important site in Hanshui valley, which has an early and late Paleolithic cultural layer at the same time. The site have more than 6000 square meters area, was found in 1994, and conducted a another investigated systematically in 2004. The site was excavated during August- September, 2007 by Research Center of Chinese Frontier Archaeology of Jilin University.(2)The geographical location and the excavation survey , the Geology Geomorphology and the stratum. In the second section, The Dudian Paleolithic site, buried in the third terrace of the right bank of the Hanshui River, is located in the Dudian village, Junxian town, and Danjiangkou City, Hubei province. The excavation exposed an area of about 600 square meters which was divided into two areas, there are two main Paleolithic cultures lying in stratified sequence, and the upper cultural layer only can be found in areaâ… , the lower cultural layer only can be in areaâ…¡. The Hanshui River drainage area which Dudian Paleolithic site situated is located in the south piedmont of East Qingling Orogenic Region as well as the climatic transition region between North and South China.(3) Classification research of the stone artifact In the third section, Try to conclude the combination features of the stone artifacts through classification description and statistical analysis.The following characteristics of areaâ… :1. The total of 151 stone artifacts was unearthed. The stone assemblage includes cores (12), flakes (17), chunks (70), the first type tools (1), the second type tools (11) and the third type tools (40). 2. Most stone artifacts are small, medium and large in size, with little micro in size. 3. Raw materials for stone artifacts exploited at the site were locally available from ancient riverbeds. More than seven kinds of raw materials were utilized in core reduction and tool manufacture, quartzite and hornstone are the dominant raw materials used. 4. The principal flaking technique is direct hammer percussion and crushing. 5. The second type tools make up a small section, the mainly types are scraper and chopper. 6. There are six types of tool classes are identified, namely scrapers, point, choppers, burin, end-scraper and drill; most types of the tools are scraper, followed by point and choppers.The following characteristics of areaâ…¡:1. The total of 58 stone artifacts swas unearthed. The stone assemblage includes cores (8), flakes (10), chunks (13), pebbles (2), and The third type tools (25). 2. Most stone artifacts are small, medium and large in size, with little giant in size. 3. Raw materials for stone artifacts exploited at the site were locally available from ancient riverbeds. More than seven kinds of raw materials were utilized in core reduction and tool manufacture, most raw materials is quartzite, and followed by hornstone. 4. The principal flaking technique is direct hammer percussion and crushing is less used. 5. There are five types of tool classes are identified, namely choppers, scrapers, point, picks and hand-axes. Most type of tools is choppers, heavy-duty tools showed obvious dominance in tools.(4) Distribution and analysis to the characteristics of the stone artifacts In the fourth section, the stone artifacts was surveyed, and made a map of the distribution of stone artifacts. The stone artifacts distribute equally in plane and vertical plane, and a very important Paleolithic remain was found at areaâ… . According to the characteristics of these stone artifacts in these two areas, it can be inferred that the two areas shows close ties and reflects the inheritance of the site. The stone tool assemblage of the areaâ…¡shows close ties with the Pebble Tool Industry (Main Industry) in South China, and the areaâ… shows close ties with the flake Tool Industry (Main Industry) in North China.(5) Explorations onto problems concerning Dudian site In the fifth section, Some questions about the Dudian site are discussed, including the remains, the hand-ax, the relations with its surrounding sites and the age.(6) The conclusion In the sixth section, The introduction and discussion about the site provides a summarization of research results in this site. 1. The Dudian site is a important sites in Hanshui valley, which have an early and late Paleolithic cultural layer at the same time. 2. The remains was man-made, It should be a site of retouching stone artifacts, and its raw materials for stone artifacts exploited at the site were locally available from ancient riverbeds. 3. By analyzing the hand-axe classification in the danjiangkou reservoir region, we consider that there are three different type hand-axes, both characteristics of local culture and cultural transmission. 4. It can be inferred that the early period of the Paleolithic in danjiangkou reservoir region shows more close ties with each other and reflects the inheritance of the site. Pay attention, the areaâ…¡shows close ties with the Pebble Tool Industry (Main Industry) in South China, and the areaâ… shows close ties with the flake Tool Industry (Main Industry) in North China. The difference reflects the cultural relationship between North and South China. 5. Accoeding to the known data of correlated sites, the characteristics of these artifacts, the stratum from which the artifacts were, we suggest that the areaâ…¡is probably dated 1-3.5 ka.BP, and the areaâ… is probably 70 ka.BP.
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