On The "Dialectic" Thinking Of Xunkuang

Dialectic of science is an ancient Chinese science.It takes term, judgment,sequitur and demonstration as research subjects,focusing on the logics today.The dialectic of science of China,the Hetuvidya of India and the logics of the west are among the three logic traditions of ancient civilization.The Spring and Autumn Period(770-476 B.C.) and the Warring States Period(475-221B.C.) witnessed great changes in China,which resulted in the deviation of term from object,which many thinkers took as the fundamental reason of social turbulence.Thus some thinkers began probing the reason of this deviation and the way to keep a consistence between terms and objects.For their different social class and the different interest they stood for,these thinkers differed in their ideas and thoughts.In order to safeguarding their own interest,they inevitably confronted with each other during their arguments.They had to set up their own theory, denounced other's theories,summing up the experience and lessons of arguments and study the principles and approaches of arguments,which laid a foundation for the appearance of dialectic of science.The founder of "Terms",Deng Xi,a prominent lawyer and debater,illustrated the relation among ideas,language and objects during his arguments with the ruler of Zheng.Later,the founder of Confucianism,Confucius,put forward the famous theory of "Nominalistic Doctrine",conveying the consistence of terms,language and behaviors,which marked the infancy of dialectic of science.Then Mocius,the founder of Mohism,categorized "dialectic" as a particular knowledge and profession,proposing the basic dialectic concepts of term,reason,category,method and argument,which laid a solid foundation for the establishment of dialectic.As the first thinker who intensively and completely brought up the theory of "Nominalistic Doctrine",Xun Kuang's theoretical research and summarization of nominalism was more self-motivated than Gong Sunlong of the "Terms" school and Late Mohist school,which promoted the development of the conceptualization of Chinese logics.His understanding of the external basis for the formulation of concept,his art and methods to use concept and his analysis and critics of Sophism enjoyed many of his original ideas.This dissertation is going to give a brief introduction of the thoughts of Xun Kuang based on the difference between the idea of "harmony between man and nature" by Dong Zhongshu and the idea of "separation of man from nature" by Xun Kuang,further discussing the epistemology of Xun Kuang, studying his dialectic thinking from the perspective of epistemological tools and approaches and summarizing the logical ideas of Xun Kuang.This dissertation is divided into three parts:The first part is a brief comment on the materialist philosophy of Xun Kuang from the perspective of "ritual","doctrine of evil human nature" and "Tian Lun".In the "Tianlun",This is part of Dong Zhongshu from the "harmony between man and nature" and Xun Kuang's "Heaven two hours", the distinction,the positive initiative of the people,as well as his discussion of epistemology have done a theoretical basis.The second part is the key part of the essay.It comes from epistemology,and then study on The "dialectic" thinking of Xunkuang in the way of the tools and access of epistemology.The comment on the "dialectic" thinking sorts from three parts of term,judgment and deduction.And here,it comments much on the souce of term,the argument about the relationship of term and object and prejudice and logic mistakes.The third part is comment on The "dialectic" thinking of Xunkuang from its contributions and limit.The active effect is ensured,but it has shortcomings on some portions,such as the "system of the king" and were purpose of the system,the role and the principle of deduction and the knowledge and attitude of Sophism.In summury,my essay make some comments on xunkuang's theory.I have discussed much on his dialectic thinking,its value is ensured while i think much on its drawbacks,aimming at doing a little bit on the dialectic thinking of Xunkuang.