The Research Of Self-regulation Of 3～5 Years Old Children And Its Relations To Temperament

Recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in the study of children's self-regulation, which has reclaimed its place in developmental psychology. This study is talked about the development of self-regulation of 3~5 year old children; And we study the self-regulation from the view of executive function. We designed conflict situations where children must override the advantage responses and substitute the conflicting responses. We have invested the sex and age difference in the process of self-regulation, and its relations to temperament. It'll provide evidence for prediction of children's behavior and early interference.We adopted the methods of experiments and questionnaire, and designed the conflict situations to invest children's ability to switch between different rules. Children aged 3~5 year old (N=90) participated the study which using the mixed experimental design. Every child must attend three tasks follow the order of easy earlier, and the teachers should accomplish the questionnaire of"3~9 year old children'temperament of teachers accessed". The three tasks were: 1. Simon Says task, which is simple inhibited or executed task, children must withhold a response or to make an incompatible response. 2. Day-night Stroop task. In this task, children must executive response at the same time of inhibited a predominant response. 3. Big-small Watermelon task. It was a self-designed task. There were conflicts not only in verbal but also in gesture, so it was the most difficult task. This task inspected the ability of switch in two incompatible conflict situations.The result of study revealed that : (1)There is statistical significance in the different age children,and there is no statistical significance in boys and girls.(2) The ability of error detection/correction is increased by age, 4~5 years old children are more better than 3. (3)There are closely relationships between self-regulation and temperament, especially in the dimension of social inhibitory, reactive and focus, which are reach the statistical significance in variance test.