Research Of Grassroots Ministry Staff Of The Yuan Dynasty

As a grassroots ministry staff in the Yuan Dynasty,Lizheng,Zhushou,Yuzheng,Fangzheng and Director,whose settings,the selection principle and selection process is continuation of the basic situation of the former generation,in addition to some modifications in individual places and regions.Over ministry staffs have been established generally in the Yuan Dynasty;the selection principles was similar with the previous generation(song and jin Dynasty),to the level of tax and amount of assets as a standard,choose the ministry staff from the Well-off households;Although there was a flexible way of public selection for ministry staff,the right of appointing officials was still at the county level.The term of office of ministry staff varied in different regions,but one year was the main requirements by the government.Only director excepted,the director of the Yuan Dynasty was established for the purpose of the development of agriculture,however,with a process that its functions increased gradually in practice,the exercise of its functions was more ministry staff' functions.They played an active role in the governor's tax reminders and rent money,reported instruments,as well as maintaining social order,management of household registration,co-ordination between public disputes,legal proof,educate the public,developping the agricultural,social relief,participation in national and rural construction and group activities,and so on.They also played a very important role in maintaining the normal operation of grass-roots social order and protecting people's production and living.The functions of ministry staff has a process from easy to complex,and among their functions there was a penetration gradually,which reflected some unique features of the grassroots society of Yuan Dynasty,all that have a certain relations with the policies,management systems and many other factors of Yuan Dynasty.As the middle link between the lower people and superior officials,ministry staff safeguarded the interests of the people to some extent,and make sure that the national policy and acts were implemented in the grassroots community.In the course of performing their duties,there was the performance of protecting the interests of the people,servicing and reliefing the people,and also notorious extortion for personal gain;Both had the behavior of bullying people,and the experiences of bullying by their superiors.All that had a certain relations with the political corruption,unsound grassroots management systems,the lack of effective supervision and the matter in policy implementation' process,and so on,in Yuan Dynasty.Although the government of Yuan Dynasty and some well local officials had adopted a series of corresponding measures to rectify the unreasonable situation,there was not very effective at all,the functions of ministry staff can not be effectively carried out in the Yuan Dynasty,which also affectd the Yuan Dynasty's role at the grassroots society.