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Republic Of China Ministry Of Agriculture And Commerce (1912-1916)

Posted on:2012-07-17Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:J DingFull Text:PDF
GTID:1115330335471997Subject:China's modern history
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
Since the Modern times, with the foreign exchanges increasing, Traditional agricultural business management system began to appear a new trend. To cope with the shortage of traditional economic management system, the Qing government set some additional temporary management of the administration to deal with foreign business dealings. The creation of the Ministry of Commerce marked that China's first special central management on industries in the modern sense appeared. After the Ministry of Commerce establishing, its policy seek to break the traditional mode of six, attempt to innovation, people pay more attention to it at that time.It had a significant impact. Later, because of the terms too broad and insufficient funds.it was combined into the department of agriculture,industry and commerce. After the Revolution in1911, the revolutionaries formed the Nanjing Provisional Government, confrontation with the Qing government, in order to promote national industrial development, they established the Ministry of Industry, the provinces set up Industrial Division. Yuan Shikai was elected the provisional president, after the provisional government moving to Beijing, Yuan Shikai and the Beijing government attached great importance to industrial development, the Ministry of Agriculture and commerce was established on the basis of the Ministry of Industry and the department of agriculture,industry and commerce.at first it division for the department of agriculture and the department of industry and commerce.In comparison, the Department of Business or the Ministry of Agriculture of the late Qing Dynasty is quite different with it. In short, the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce establish a democratic republic political system in the Republic of China, but the Department of Business and the Ministry of Agriculture of the late Qing Dynasty are still serving for the feudal monarchy. Secondly, the innovative spirit of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce exceed the Department of Business or the Ministry of Agriculture of the late Qing Dynasty. Although the revolution overthrew the feudal autocratic monarchy smoothly, the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce formation had experienced an unusual process, it was continuous that various forces strugglesince the 1911 Revolution, not open Great Debates,but behind a lot of little-known story. After the establishment of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce, it will play the executive functions leading and management organization of the farming,industry and mining, how this function perform? The Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce will play a normal administrative functions on the agriculture,industry and mining, it not only needs to organize their participation and collaboration of all staff, require a rational organizational structure as the carrier of its operation, but also needs a certain funds as their economic security. Only Three conditions Coexist the same time, the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce authority can be able to realize its operation. Terms of the operation of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce is a systematic and complex project, involving very broad question, it not only needs that the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce leaders have the vision, the central, province and county functions to work in coordination, but also needs the people engaged in industry put the policy into practice.The organization and its key personnel composition are the soul of and the core the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce. the organizational structure is hardware, and the personnel composition is software, if the organizational structure is a high-speed operation machine, then the personnel is the concrete operation of the machine who is the core command system.The internal organizations settings of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce are strongly adapted to the social and economic development, which use the way of division level management, a clear division and responsibility with someone, beyond the traditional management. it is important exemplification in the modern political system.On the composition of the personnel, it has a high academic qualification, professional and young bureaucracy. Although the Ministers are more frequent change, but the counselors and the director groups have been relatively stable, which help to keep the policies and legal systems of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce stable, keep managing the daily affairs Continuity. The operation of the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce is a concrete manifestation of its authority, it is an important criterion that evaluated its functions on the economic development. It has three major mode of operation:the administrative means, the legal way and the collaborative approach. In order to promote the development of the industries, the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce draw up a rational economic policy of the industries, and strongly implementing and achieving significant results, it appeared to be hailed as the "golden age of capitalism", Which greatly promoted the China's early modernization. Although the formulation and implementation of the policy are also not ideal, but we can not generalize and consider it played an active role on social development in the 1910's. Unfortunately, the economic rapid situation because of Yuan Shikai proclaiming himself an emperor gradually lead to the failure.
Keywords/Search Tags:Early Years of Republic of China, the department of agriculture, the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, the Ministry of Agriculture and commerce, Yuan Shikai, Liu Kuiyi, zhang Jian, Chen Zhenxian
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