Historical Changes Of The Urban Cultural Space In Qingdao

Qingdao, which is located as a port city, has gone through 118 years of development since its establishment in 1891. Qingdao was constructed according to German city planning and the cultural space was developing with partition and hierarchical status as a result of the partition of the initial city space, which affected the development of urban cultural space of the city in a long time. This paper main investigates cultural space of the city of Qingdao from the time when Qingdao was opened as a port to the time when China came into existence, whose theme is the distribution and development of some cultural entertainment such as theaters.The paper discusses the development of cultural space at the time when Qingdao was opened as a port and when Qingdao was occupied by Germany, when Qingdao was occupied by Japan , when Qingdao was governed by Beiyang Government and Nanjing government, as well as during the War of Resistance Against Japan and the liberation. The discussion takes the urban development of Qingdao as the background and takes the distribution and development of some cultural entertainment as the theme, combined with some files such as <> during German occupation in 1900's, <>based on the original plan in1910,《execute city plan in Qingdao》established in 1935 during the first reign time of Nanjing Nationalist government and《Qingdao as a particular city local plan》《,Qingdao as a particular mother-city plan》in 1939 during the second Japanese occupation. The first chapter introduces the cultural space of Qingdao during the time when Qingdao was opened as port and the German occupation of Qingdao(1891-1914) .The main cultural activities of Qingdao were opera and acrobatics when Qingdao was opened as port ,and the scope was only limited to Tianhou Temple. After German occupation of Qingdao, Qingdao city was divided into some districts by the Urban planning that implemented .Zoning allowed cultural space to be divided into the traditional cultural space of local citizens and foreign cultural space after German occupation.The second chapter introduces the cultural space during the period of Japanese occupation (1914-1922).The Japanese cinemas which called Lele seat and electrical site were only established for Japanese and foreigners in Qingdao ,but not for local residents, so this kind of cultural space which was with strong colonial culture was different from Qingdao traditional cultural space. When seen from city space, there were zoning and stratification.The third chapter introduces the cultural space during the Northern Government and the Nanjing Nationalist Government (1922-1937).During this period the sovereignty of Qingdao was taken back, and a lot of theaters and cinemas were built in Qingdao. The biggest theatre in Qingdao was built on Pingdu road in 1924,which was called Great Stage(Yong'an Great Theatre now). From then on opera was Staged there, and after a while film was screened, which made it be worthy of the name; sound film was put on screen in Qingdao Silver Star theatre in1929 ;The foundation Of Shandong Grand Theater broke the monopoly situation by foreigners in Qingdao film field in 1931. this part reflects the whole face of the cultural space of the time Combining a list of cinemas, theatres as well as advertisements about films published on newspaper.The fourth Chapter introduces the cultural space during the War of Liberation and War of Resistance Against Japan(1938—1949).Because of the war and social disorder, the urban development was lagged, cinemas , theaters and other cultural entertainments were also in a downturn, the cultural space needed further development and prosperity. Qingdao was in the recovery phase after the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan. During this period cultural places for entertainment such as theater and cinema were rallying. For this particular period, the article recovers the situation of theaters and cinemas with Original documentations.Qingdao is Only more than one hundred years after its establishment,which is a combination of classical and modern, and the integration of Western and Oriental. The construction of a international metropolis is inseparable from the urban planning and the building of cultural space. It makes good sense to research the historical changes in the cultural space of Qingdao against such a background.