The Characteristics Of The Theory And Its Contemporary Value Of Habermas's Communicative Rational Thinking

Jurgen Habermas (1929 -) is one of the most famous contemporary German philosophers, sociologists and thinkers. He is called the most important representative of the second generation of Frankfurt School. Habermas' Theory of Communicative Action reveals the negative effects that the evolution of intersubjective communication is from self to self-arising in modern society,and tries to build a rational society's case through rationalization of communicative action. Habermas'communicative rationality offers an important inspiration and reference value to the reasonable construction of rational interaction theory for the contemporary Chinese society and to the development and improvement of theory of current China's Marxism. In this paper, Habermas's Communication Theory is explored deeply in a both macro and micro sense in order to reveal the characteristics of the theory and its contemporary value of rational thinking.This article begins with Habermas's view of Kant's practical reason,Weber's concept of rationality,as well as tools for the early Frankfurt School's concept of rationality of the traditional concept of reasonable criticism and transformation, then explores the theoretical characteristics of Habermas'communicative rationality. This article consists of three parts. Firstly, it analyzes the backdrop on which the rationality of Habermas was put forward, and point out that Habermas'criticism of the tradition of Western rationalism was confined to the framework of the philosophy of consciousness, which has the abstract nature that it is difficult for the traditional rationalistic theory to shake off the shackles of the traditional way of thinking based on subject-object dichotomy,failing to make an effective diagnosis on modernity and falling into its dilemma.Secondly,it focuses on the theoretical characteristics of the rationality of Habermas's theory of interaction.In this paper,from the perspective of the language dimension of social interaction,value orientation,and measure of rationality,this article makes an in-depth study of the theoretical characteristics of Habermas'communicative rationality and its connotation with the aim to comprehend the real purpose of the theory of communicative rationality.Based on this,it makes a comparative study between Habermas's communicative rationality and Marx's theory of interaction. Last but not the least,the article expounds the values of the thought of Habermas's rationality in the contemporary times and reveals the dialogical spirit entailed in communicative rationality and the implication of its critical and therapeutic nature.At the same time,it reflects on its limitations in a systematic way and discusses the intrinsic defects of Habermas's communicative rationality.