| Many poems written in Tang dynasty had the thematic interest in"tears". For example: Li Shang-yin, a poet at that time, wrote some lines:"Mermen weep their pearly tears down a moon-green sea/ Blue fields are breathing their jade to the sun……","The silk-worms of spring will not weave until they die/Every night the candles will shed tears until their wicks away". This thesis takes"tears"in Li's poems as a perspective, through which to explore Li's sentimental psychology. Grounded on his poems, this thesis focuses on"tears", deeply tapping and gradually widening it. From the poems, the poet's mind can be sensed and the poet's sentiment, psychology and art are related together.This thesis has four chapters. Chapter 1: a quantitative analysis of the word"tears"in Li's poems. The data are from Li's 41 poems in the explanation of Li Shang-yin poetry anthology, which in fact has 44 poems, but 3 poems are disputed on whether they belong to poems of thematic"tears". Among the 41 poems, there are 47 lines with the word"tears", which are classified into 14 kinds of tears,such as pearl tears,lovesick tears,tears of candles,tears of parting,tears of resentment,self-grieved tears,tears of mourning for the dead,thankful tears,homesick tears and tears of praising history and so on. They are put in order by frequency.Chapter 2: tearful world—Li Shang-yin's sentimental psychology world. Through these poems with the word"tears", this chapter explores Li's sentimental psychology world and expounds the 14 kinds of"tears"in his lines. They can be incorporated into tears of parting on behalf of getting parted, lovesick tears on behalf of yearning to lovers and self-grieved tears on behalf of hard- stopped sadness and melancholy. We can infer that Li had lovesick tears because of parting and living separately, and remorseful and heart-broken self-grieved tears because of lacking communication and incurring others'envy and hatred but unable to excuse. Missing lovers because of parting, and therefore becoming remorseful, Li still had to struggle with the hard-bearing parting and tried to get understood in spite of his self-admiration and madness. So he shed tears time, time again. On the contrary, tears of candles symbolize a special desperation by comparing tears of candles to self-grieved tear because of the hurt all over. Li's tears in kind (tears of parting, tears of lovesickness, self-grieved tears, tears of candles…) seem various and glaring like his disordered inner world。In fact, if the relationship between tears and sentimental psychology is understood, it is not difficult to find that his tears were shed for love, for melancholy, he had been Struggling and suffering the contradiction of the both. Pain and melancholy were tied to Li in his life time. In his poems, he wrote down his pain and struggle, love and melancholy truthfully but implicatively, which is his success in writing and also the secret and basic reason of why Li is Li. It can be said that through the perspective of Li's tearful world, we can touch the core of his sentimental psychology by tasting his poems: pain and struggle,love and melancholy.Chapter 3: tearful world—the world of poetry art. This chapter delves into the world of poetry art. First, after a comprehensive survey of the artistic techniques, it is not difficult to find that the five ones, i.e. allusion, illusionism, metaphor, personification and hyperbole, are regarded as the artistic characteristics strengthening the image of poetry. By those techniques, Li made his poems more vivid, and more readable to enhance the artistic power of expression. 24 lines in 19 poems were used the technique of allusion, which is listed on the top for its high frequency. Besides, reduplication and antithesis are able to increase the beauty of thyme and rhythm. 22 lines in 20 poems were used the artistic technique of antithesis. If deeply explored, pian ti wen (a kind of poetry emphasizing parallel and rhythmical style) has two necessary factors: one is allusion, the other is antithesis. In Li's poems, some artistic techniques such as allusion, metaphor, antithesis, reduplication were unconsciously employed, which can not be thought a coincidence but an interactive result in the process of his long-term composition of poems, which makes the harmony of inner and outer beauty of yu xi poems(Li Sang-yin's poems),and shows his artistic style of"exquisite metaphor". Second, by discussing the general art effect, this chapter makes an analysis from the aspects of revealing the theme of sentiment to embody the sentimental artistic style, deepening the emotion-expressed character and creating a special concept.Chapter 4: the significance of Li's poems of"tears"in literature history. After arguing that the poems of"tears"have an unusual historic importance and status, this chapter probes the source and effects, and then makes an evaluation.
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