The Research On The Revenge Custom In Han Dynasty

Revenge was popular in Han Dynasty. The research on the revenge custom in Han Dynasty is of great significance to the acquaintance of the political status, academic thoughts and the whole revenge custom history in this period. This paper divided into five parts will make a detailed research on the revenge custom in Han Dynasty by means of literature research and analysis.The first part is "the review of revenge behavior before Han Dynasty", which offers a brief introduction of revenge behaviors in primitive society, slave society, Spring and Autumn and Warring States period and Qin Dynasty in chronological order. Revenge behavior enjoys a long history and profound cultural background. The revenge behavior in Han Dynasty is the inheritance and development of revenge behaviors of previous dynasties.The second part is "general situation of revenge custom in Han Dynasty", which mainly makes classified research on the revenge events in Han Dynasty. The revenge events in Han Dynasty are mainly divided into national revenge and personal revenge according to different standings of the avengers, and the personal revenge is divided into kinship revenge and non-kinship revenge according to the reasons and purposes of the revenge. And the kinship revenge is divided into six categories, revenge for parents, revenge for brothers, revenge for spouse, revenge for children, revenge for relatives and revenge for oneself, the non-kinship revenge is divided into four categories, namely, revenge for monarch or superior, revenge for teachers and their relatives, revenge for friends and their relatives and other revenge.The third part is "the reasons for the popularity of revenge behavior in Han Dynasty". The popularity of revenge behavior in Han Dynasty results from various reasons, and this article mainly makes analysis from three aspects. Firstly, the revenge behavior in Han Dynasty is the continuity of the ancient kinship revenge; secondly, the revenge behavior in Han Dynasty is influenced by errantry spirits since the Warring States period; thirdly, the revenge behavior in Han Dynasty wins the recognition and support from the ruling thought of Han Dynasty represented by Gongyang's Learning. The revenge theories of Confucianism represented by The Spring and Autumn Gongyang's Learning take the leading role, the affirmation-and advocation of revenge theories by the ruling thought makes kinship revenge an important component of "filial piety", and the extension of revenge theories contributes to the reasonable existence of non-kinship revenge. As a result, revenge custom became increasingly fierce beyond control.The fourth part is "the overview of the legal system in Han Dynasty from revenge behavior of the dynasty", which mainly discusses the relationship between the increasingly fierce revenge and laws of Han Dynasty. Laws of Han Dynasty definitely prohibit the revenge behavior, which finally ends up in failure. As a matter of fact, the popularity of revenge behavior in Han Dynasty is a compromise of laws of Han Dynasty to the ruling thought—Study of Confucian Classic,while "the Trial during Chunqiu" and "Adjudgement according to Criminal Intent" are the obvious expressions of the legalization of Study of Confucian Classic. Revenge behavior is supported by the Study of Confucian Classic, while prohibited by the law, so obvious contradiction arises between the two, and the Confucian Classic Study scholars finally realize a difficult compromise through the death penalty of the avengers.The fifth part is "the influence of the revenge custom in Han Dynasty". The revenge custom in Han Dynasty has great and extensive influence in Han Dynasty and following generations. This article mainly analyzes the impact of revenge behavior on the literary works in Han Dynasty, the legal system and revenge behavior in following generations. This article makes analysis on the impact on literary works of Han Dynasty from three aspects, such as the impact on historical works such as Shi Ji, etc, the unofficial historical novels such as Yue Jue Shu, Wu Yue Chun Qiu, Yan Dan Zi, etc and the folk song poetry, etc; as for the impact on the legal system and revenge behavior of following generations, this article makes research and explanations for impacts in Wei, Jin and South and North Dynasties, Tang and Song Dynasties, Yuan, Ming and Qingdao Dynasties and recent period in chronological order.Including the revenge custom in Han Dynasty into the whole ancient revenge behaviors, this article elaborately introduces the general situation of revenge custom in Han Dynasty, analyzes the reasons for the popularity of revenge behavior in Han Dynasty, and makes research on the relationship between the revenge behavior in Han Dynasty and it legal system on this basis. The revenge custom in Han Dynasty inherits the tradition of previous revenge behavior, and has a profound influence on the then society as well as later generations.