The Research Of Verbal Suffixes In Modern Shandong Dialects

The development of Chinese affixes has a close relationship with the development of Chinese grammar, Chinese vocabulary and Chinese phonetics. The Study on Chinese affixes is one of the important parts of the Chinese history study. With the research of Chinese affixes, scholars have begun to focus on rich affixes in Chinese dialects. In this paper, I have taken literature works with Shandong dialect features and different regional dialects records of Shandong as language materials, selected frequently used eighteen verbal suffixes in the modern Shandong dialects, and conducted a description and analysis from their written form, voice changes to the grammatical and semantic functions. On this basis, a comparison of verbal suffixes with the Ming-Qing dialects in Shandong Province and a common language has been made.Including the "conclusion", this paper contains five parts.Chapter One is the "introduction". In the first part, the paper has described the nature and characteristics of Chinese affixes from their structure, location, semantics, word formation, meaning, and phonetics, by listing and analyzing the different terms and concepts of the affixes in the Chinese Academia. The second part of this chapter, I introduced the research status of affixes in Shandong dialects and described the main research results. In the third part, I analyzed the significance of the study of dialect affixes to the entire Chinese language study, presented the research methods and contents, and described the source of corpus of this paper.In Chapter Two, "the verbal suffixes in modern Shandong dialects (Ⅱ)". I described and analyzed ten frequently used verbal suffixes in modern Shandong dialects, for example, " Ba(巴)"," Da(打)","Lai(拉)","Cha(查)","Gu(古)","Deng(登)","Teng(腾)","Suo(索)","Wai(歪)"and "Song(送)".All of these ten suffixes have followed the usage of Ming-Qing dialect in Shandong, including the range of application, word formation, semantic and grammatical functions.In Chapter Three, "the verbal suffixes in modern Shandong dialects (Ⅱ)". I described and analyzed eight verbal suffixes in modern Shandong dialects, for example, "Me(么)","Hu(乎)","Leng(棱)","You(悠)","He(和)","Liu(溜)","Sheng(生)"and "Nong(弄)".Compared with their usages in Ming-Qing dialects, some changes have taken place. Their usages have been expanded or shrunk.In Chapter Four, "the comparative study of modern Shandong dialects". The paper, by using the diachronic and synchronic analysis methods, has made a comparison of the verbal suffixes in modern Shandong dialects with the verbal suffixes in Ming-Qing Shandong dialects and modern common language, and then summarized the similarities and differences among them.In the conclusion, the paper has concluded and analyzed the common feature of verbal suffixes in modern Shandong dialects. Owning to the close relationship between verbal suffixes and spoken language, the verbal suffixes in modern Shandong dialects have a strong dialect feature. So there are many characteristics to be further studied in written form, grammatical and semantic roles and so on.