Parents' Expectation, Self-expectation And Their Relations With Learning Achievement On Junior Middle School Student

Since Pygmalion Effect was put forward in 1968, the role of expectation gains increasing concern by more and more researchers. Most of them are focused on the effect of teachers'expectation on the students.By the mixed method of quantitative and qualitative research, this study has investigated the inner structure and content of parents'expectation and junior middle school students'self-expectation, and developed the Parents'Expectation Questionnaire and the Junior Middle School Students'Self-expectation Questionnaire. Moreover, the study has investigated the current situation of parents'expectation and junior students'self-expectation, and explored the relationships among parents'expectation, junior students'self-expectation and academic achievements.This study includes three parts of researches:In partâ… , a semi-structured depth interview has been conducted with 14 junior students'parents. The Junior Middle School Students'Self-expectation Questionnaire was then developed based on the analysis of the interview transcripts. Among three grades of two junior schools in X city of HeNan province, 400 junior students'parents were as the subjects and the research results have presented the current situation of parents'expectation.Partâ…¡, a semi-structured depth interview has been conducted with 14 junior students. The Parents'Expectation Questionnaire was then developed based on the analysis of the interview transcripts. Among three grades of two junior schools in X city of HeNan province, 400 junior students were as the subjects and the research results have presented the current situation of junior students'self-expectation.Partâ…¢,Among three grades of two junior schools in X city of HeNan province, 400 junior students and their parents as the subjects, adopted questionnaire method, were investigated the relationship among parents'expectation, students'self-expectation and academic achievements.By the analysis of results from three investigations above-mentioned, the conclusions were as follows: (1) Parents'expectation was mainly inspected through academic performance, future achievement, character performance, interpersonal relationship and the health and psychological quality. Parents'Expectation Questionnaire includes five dimensions, 24 items, and the questionnaire has acceptable reliability and validity, and achieved the standard of psychometrics.(2) Junior students'self-expectation was mainly inspected through academic achievements, career options, personality development, interpersonal relationships and the life orientation. The Junior Middle School Students'Self-expectation Questionnaire includes five dimensions, 28 items, and the questionnaire has acceptable reliability and validity, and achieved the standard of psychometrics.(3) Parents'expectation shows significant differences in some demography variables (parents'gender, parents'educational background, parents'profession style, family monthly incomes, students'gender and students'grade).(4) Junior students'self-expectation shows significant differences in some demography variables (parents'educational background, parents'profession style, family monthly incomes, students'gender and students'grade).(5) There are significant cross-correlations among parents'expectation, junior students'self-expectation and academic achievements. Parents'expectation could predict junior students'self-expectation and academic achievements; and self-expectation also can predict academic achievements to some extent. Junior students'self-expectation mediates parents'expectation and academic achievements.