The Comparison Of Some Grammatical Phenomena Between Shijing And Its Commentaries

Abstract:The book of Shijingzhushu comprises five parts: poems, Maoshigxunzhuan, Maoshijian, Maoshiyin and Maoshizhengyi, which were written over a long span of time ranging from pre-Qin to Tang dynasty. As a collection of many famous writers'works, it has always been regarded as one of the classics of Xiaoxue, and the importance of its grammatical research is always neglected.The aim of this kind of books is to help readers understand the books and the annotation of previous generations well, so their authors always try their best to explain in a language which is well familiar to people of their times, which makes the language of the books always reflects the language features of that times.The language of glossing which is to explain the same content in languages of different times is always in different times from the original text, which can provides us with great materials for comparing when we study the history of grammar. So we say studying the evolvement of languages through glossed materials is a feasible method.This paper explores the phenomena of the development of Chinese from pre-Qin to Tang dynasty through the samenesses and differences between the original text and the annotated one, comparing the original text of Shijing in Shijingzhushu with Maoshixunzhuan, Maoshijian, and Maoshizhengyi. This paper consists of seven chapters. Specificly speaking, the lexicon includes nouns, verbs pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions; the syntax includes the word structures and the passive sentences. Anyway, the lexicon and the syntax which interleave sometimes are not absolutely separated.Through comparing the language of Shijing with that of Shijingzhushu, we can see the development trend of the grammar of Shijingzhushu is reflected in the following aspects:1. The Syntactic functions more clear.2.Its forms are becoming more and more single.3.the choice of the form become more and more popular.4. The forms of structure more and more complete.5. Word orders more regular.6. Grammatical relations more and more evident.7. Expression more and more precise.