| The surplus rural labor force shifts to follow a kind of economic phenomenon appearing in industrialization. The formulation that the surplus rural labor force shifted the question has its deep social origin, In is, Japan and Korea S.'s three countries are being passed It helps period of growing at top speed have priority the inevitable outcome developping urbanly. Surplus rural labor force transfer to because the differences of income expectancy urban and rural areas city from countryside, Make surplus rural labor forces transfer to the city It gets high income but not because urban and rural areas . This text is from the angle of development economics, the three countries of Israel and China, Japan and Korea S. are as the target , Have carried on preliminary analysis to grind to these questions Study carefully , has put forward some policy and suggestion on the basis of this. The full text divides into five parts altogether;The first part: The theory which the surplus rural labor force shifts.Have summed up the intension that the surplus rural labor force shifts the theory mainly in this a part, Have carried on deep analysis to this theory from two angles of essence and surface on the basis of this. Move one The person who moves says , though the problem of unemployment exists in the city, is reasonable that he makes the decision moved to the city, Because population migration between people and expectancy of city the responses of income gap instead of correctly The response of the actual income gap. A basic prerequisite among them is, the person who is moved can consider the city and rural employment opportunities of different labor markets , They can obtain biggest through moving and choose that The work of" expectancy" income. It is expected and one a piece of new migration persons obtain actual income gaps that bring through job difference of the departments of urban and rural areas one a piece of city the possibilities of jobs come and measure income.The second part: Japanese surplus rural labor force shifts case study.This a part analyse Japan reason who surplus rural labor force produce at first, Have analysed the background shifted and transformation reason, has summarized the characteristic of the Japanese surplus rural labor force on the basis of this. Because Japan agriculture adopt form who relative manage traditionally copies of the productions of surplus rural labor force the sun, The child beyond those agricultural successors, though will often do parents a favor when being young in the peasant household, Engaged in some agriculture's working, but the overwhelming majority supports oneself and becomes the workforces of other industries. Because Japan has carried on land reform and economic high growth, make the income gap in urban and rural areas of Japan expand gradually. The surplus rural labor force of Japan grows at top speed in period and finishes in economy mostly. This period, Disparity of the real wage in urban and rural areas of Japan and possibility of obtaining the employment opportunity in the city are synthesized The expectancy income in urban and rural areas become is bad and obviously useful to transformation of the surplus rural labor force.There are one's own distinct characteristics in shifting the way and reason of shifting in Japan:1. The transformation of the surplus rural labor force has caused the change which is hired the structure;2The small and medium-sized enterprise is receiving the countryside shifted and remaining The respect of my workforce has obvious function;3. The transformation influence on the surplus rural labor force of agricultural policy is deep;4. The education system of the high level has improved the engineering level of the person who is moved .The third part: S.Korean surplus rural labor force shifts history of the question and analyse.This a part analyse Korea S. historical background who surplus rural labor force produce at first, Have then analysed the reason that the S.Korean surplus rural labor force moves , has summ... |
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