The Design Of State's Commercial Bank Capital Supplement

The capital adequacy ratio is an important index to reflect the commercial bank capital state. According to the Basel Accord, the capital adequacy ratio of bank should not under the level of 8%. To national bank, however, the low capital adequacy ratio is a difficulty, and it is the biggest difficulty to national commercial bank.The main force of China bank industry is the four national commercial banks. The low level of capital adequacy ratio messed them up. There are three bank capital adequacy ratio could not reach the level of 8% except China Bank. After the enacting of the New Basel Accord, how to supply capital to enhance the level of capital adequacy ratio of bank is becomes a problem that the government and the national bank themselves have thought a long time.From the new capital accord structure, we can learn that the requirement of lowest capital allocation would make the capital deficient become much more outstanding. Adequate capital and rational structure is the bank fundamental demand to preserve public confidence and themselves. According to the national bank industry main operating data, which showed by international finance organization recently, the problem of capital deficient is obviously, there are few banks in China even could reach the requirement of the 1988's Basel Accord.The basic requirement of capital adequacy ratio is the level of 8%, but the most of the national commercial banks could not reach the level. If carried out the New Basel Accord, the level of 8%would be a challenge to national bank industry, and if national bank industry could not reach the international requirement, it would be affect the competition ability of national bank to foreign bank, so the most important thing to national bank is the supplement of capital.According the requirement and affection of the capital adequacy ratio in the Basel Accord, the paper analyzes the actuality and reasons of the national banks' capital deficient, especially, the paper analyzes the methods of supplement about national commercial bank capital, and put forward some useful advices to build dynamic capital supplement mechanism to national commercial bank.The paper is composes of four parts. The first part discusses the background, context and the development of the Basle Accord, the part also narrate many useful advices to national commercial bank about risk assets administration, capital structure, the reduction of the risk assets in banks. Second, contrast with the foreign commercialbanks; the paper analyzes the reasons of capital deficient and the actuality of national commercial banks. Third, the paper analyzes the methods of supply capital to the national banks, the methods include: issue share, issue long-term bond, taxes reduction or return, finance share, profit remain and finance innovation to increase bank's accumulation ability, and so on. At last, the paper makes comments on the capital supplement methods through contrast with foreign commercial bank.