The Research Of The Federal Supervisory System To Office-bearer

The united state is one of the countries whose the development of the office-bearer supervision system is more mature than other countries in the world. The united state office-bearer supervision system is established after the foundation of the American federal government. In 1883, the issue of Pendleton Act marked the formal establishment of the system. In the ensuing 200 years, as the market economy continues to develop in the U.S., the U.S. office-bearer supervision system has undergone several changes in oversight. The supervision focus of the objectives is changed from combat corruption to the efficiency of the supervision. Since 1980, influenced by the new public management movement, the U.S. office-bearer supervision system began to enter into the new era—focus on both the supervisal efficiency and political corruption. It has some changes for the role of the supervision. At the beginning of the foundation of the nation, the main supervisal subject is political parties,after the formal establishment of the politic system, the main subject changed to the federal government and parliament. In the new era, the main power gradually returned to our citizens, to enable the Authority to become more democratic. The U.S. office-bearer supervision system has experienced continuous change, developed quite self-contained and it is worth to learn for us to develop the market economy.This paper makes a discussion on the office-bearer supervision system from the five-part. The first part is introduction. In this part, this paper describes the purpose and significance of this topics and a simple exposition has been made on current research status about this topic in our country. The research methods used throughout this paper and innovation have made clear.The second part is overview of the U.S. office-bearer supervision system. This section discusses the connotation of the office-bearer supervision system, including the definition and scope of the office-bearer, the concept and political functions of the office-bearer supervision, significance of the office-bearer supervision for political operation. This section also makes a differentiation on the office-bearer supervision, power supervision and administrative oversight, explaining the differences and relations between the three concepts, in order to explain the concept more clearly.The third part is the evolution of the office-bearer supervision system in the history. The discussion starts from the foundation of the USA, divides the changes into three periods by the different characteristics of the system. The first period is dysfunction of the system at the beginning of the foundation of the country. The second period is performance revolution of the U.S. and office-bearer supervision system. The third period is the implementation of the new public management ending as the outgoing President George W. Bush.The fourth part is the system of the office-bearer supervision. The part discusses the status of United States office-bearer supervision in three chapters of the political culture, internal supervision and external supervision and clarifies the inner spirit and external culture. Different political oversight subjects are investigated, and also indicate the role played by different subjects in the current time.The fifth part is enlightenment of the U.S. office-bearer supervision system for China. With a clear understanding of the Supervision system, this section will focus on shifting to comparative analysis of the office-bearer supervision system between the U.S. and China. Firstly, represent the current situation of the implement of the system in China; and then make a contrast between U.S. and China on the characteristic of the office-bearer supervision, pointing out the similarities and differences between the two countries. In the end, the author's recommendations for improving the supervisory system are made. First one is the influences of the supervisal cultural, and secondly, construction of laws and regulations of supervision, and the third is innovation on supervisory system.