The Combination Of Manpower Capital And Material Capital

The enterprise theories of Coarse study the nature of enterprise from the angle of enterprise's exterior contact and social role, throwing light on the relation of enterprise and market. However, this is just an aspect of the enterprise nature, not essence of the enterprise. Along with the development of enterprise and economy, we should widen our horizon and make more spacious research at the same time of approving and accepting Coarse's enterprise theories. In my opinion, the enterprise should be a mutual enterprise owned by two kinds of capital proprietors, namely the manpower capital proprietor and the material capital proprietor should own the enterprise simultaneously. The manpower capital proprietor should have the same position as the material capital proprietor and functions in the business of enterprise equally, but in realistic enterprise, the position of the manpower capital proprietor is not acknowledged. There are three main reasons for it. First, it is the particularity of the labor force commodity, namely the labor force can't separate with its proprietor as a kind of special commodity. But in my viewpoint, to decide whether one can become the investor of the enterprise, the key is that if the elements he owns are what the enterprise need, and if the elements proprietor wants to invest what he owns to the enterprise. As long as the elements are needed by the enterprise, and the proprietor is willing to invest and reach agreement, the elements proprietor naturally becomes an investor of enterprise. Second, it is the relative abundance of manpower capital, which is compared with the relative lack of material capital. Two kinds of capitals are both necessary elements of enterprise operation. Since the material capital proprietor can acquire the proprietor rights, the manpower capital proprietor also should obtain the same treatment. Third, it is the low risk when the manpower capital is compared with material capital. In fact, this is a misunderstanding as the risk that the manpower capital proprietor faces will not be lower than the material capital proprietor. From one hand, deficiency or bankruptcies of the enterprise will make the promoter of the manpower capital face unemployment or laid-off danger; on the other hand, because non-manpower capital becomes currencies, shares and securities, its liquidity is becoming larger, making the possibility and space that the non-manpower capital proprietor would evade risk is bigger and bigger. In conclusion, the enterprise should be an enterprise constructed by material and manpower. Material can become capital and source of enterprise profits. Manpower is also an inseparable factor, even more important. One point needs to be mentioned specially, organic combination of manpower capital and material capital is the key to maximization of enterprise profits. To realize the optimized grouping of two kinds of capitals, certain guidelines should be followed. First, scale principle. The scale principle is a principle that measures if the amount of manpower capital and material capital elements involved in management is reasonable. The two kinds of management factors can develop their ultimate function only under the premise of considering the enterprise's actual circumstance and combined under moderate scale. Second, function principle. The function principle is a principle that measures if the combination is reasonable depending on if the manpower capital and material capital elements involved in management can demonstrate its function fully. Optimizedgrouping should be the combination that can demonstrate the function of two management elements fully, which is a combination that everyone can realize his complete talent and everything can be exerted totally. Third, adaptation principle. The adaptation principle is a principle that measures if the combination is reasonable from the angle that if the cooperation of the manpower capital and material capital elements involved in management is reasonable. Optimized grouping not only requires that two kinds of to management elements can both function fully, but also requires two elements form best cooperation system, obtaining the result that any other cooperation can't obtain. Fourth, benefit principle. The benefit principle is a principle that measures if the combination is reasonable depending on the benefit that the manpower capital and material capital elements involved in management obtain when they combine together. How all kinds of management elements combine should contribute to the improvement of economic benefit, and subject to management target of getting maximal output from minimal investment. Fifth, integration principle. The enterprise is an indivisible whole as a system. The integration principle is decided by this premise, demanding considering problems from the request of the whole system no matter from the angle of the whole economic system, or from the aspects of relative regulations, policies arrangements and organization design of enterprise interior. Therefore, the integration principle is also system principle. Sixth, equal principle. The manpower capital should surely have the same position with material capital as a kind of capital form, which can bring enterprise benefit. The organic combination of the two can be really realized only by acknowledging the same position of manpower capital and material capital. The above sixprinciples are connected mutually and indivisible. When organizing the production and management activities of enterprise, we should take all requirements of all principles into account, not emphasizing one or several principles simply and overlooking other principles. Only by thinking over the request of every principle, the manpower capital and material capital can adapt to each other and function fully, obtaining good result and optimizing enterprise management system. To realize optimized grouping of two kinds of capital, there are still many basic works to do. First, enhance the reformative and creative work, including system innovation, organization innovation, management innovation, technology innovation and strategy innovation etc. Second, set up the positive competition mechanism. That is to say, the good product can occupy the market through benign market competition; the manpower capital can find the best place to play its role through orderly talent competition. Third, perfect the manpower capital market and material capital market. Perfection of market system is the premise of benign competition, and also the premise of reasonable flow of every management factor and realizing optimized grouping. Fourth, perfect macroscopic management system and rules in order to create favorable laws and rules environment for optimized grouping of the two management elements. Valid combination of manpower capital and material capital should have concrete measure which can be carried out except the above macroscopic environment as foundation. First, work hard to push forward capitalization of manpower, and admit the capital nature of the manpower. As 16th NCCPC (16th National Congress of Communist Party of China) proposes, distributing system reformation should be deepened, distributionrelationship should be put in order, and the principle that production elements are distributed according to labor, capital, technology and management and so on should be established. Second, improve company management structure and. Every laborer having his share is the inevitable result of manpower capital as enterprise capital construction element and benefit source. Besides reforming encouragement mechanism and boosting benefit of enterprise, its objective result promotes the effective fusion of manpower capital and material capital, which improves the efficiency of enterprise. Third, push forward the reorganization and cooperation of enterprise, and realize suitability of enterprise scope gradually. Only under the suitability of enterprise scope, optimized grouping of manpower capital and material capital can be talked about. Fourth, enlarge manpower capital investment, and realize the match of the technology progresses and human beings' development. With speedy development of knowledge economy, fast renovation of products and shortening of life-span cycle, non-manpower capital has become the factor of economic development power. Fifth, arrange enterprise's production and management activities in accordance with the request of professional cooperation. Under the condition of having realized professional production, the different management elements can exert its own advantages, creating conditions for combination of elements adapted to each other and then for obtaining better benefit. Sixth, develop the function of information element. Not only should information be related with other management elements directly as a kind of management element, but also it should be a connection and medium to other elements. Seventh, push forward the target management to establish foundation for combination of...