On China's Ocean Oil Pollution Legislation System Improvement

Ocean is our precious resource. However, ocean pollution put a very bad influence on the development and utilization of ocean by human beings, in which shipping oil pollution takes great proportion, it including two aspects: one side is ordinarily emit oil matters during daily shipping, fuel or other oil matters etc, it is intentional outflow; on the other hand is shipping accident, which make huge amount of oil escape from the ship, contaminated the ocean, it is accidental outflow. Although accidental outflow is much less than intentional outflow, accidental outflow can make a great deal of oil flow into the ocean, which lead to much more serious oil damage than intentional outflow, it will take us decades of years to eliminate this aftereffect.After the Second World War, there is a tremendous increase of the oil shipping, which accompanied by worse oil pollution, contaminated offing, because many gigantic oil tanker release sewage that contain oil, which used for cleaning cabin. From 20 century 60s, continuous world-shaking oil tankers leakage badly polluted ocean, which urge related international conventions and domestic legislation put out objectively, mostly International Convention onCivil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage,1969 and International Convention for the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage, 1971. Meanwhile, some developed countries, which attach importance to environment protection, have established oil pollution damage compensation system tailored to their reality, such as America and Canada.They have relatively perfect system for claiming for compensation, which make most oil pollution damage can be eliminated and compensated, this has also reflect the status and trend of oil pollution damage compensation system. Ocean oil pollution as a kind of environmental social effects of pollution has aroused worldwide attention. The United Nations and China has taken...