The Transformation Of European Social Structure And The Changing Political Parties

The purpose of this paper is to explore the interaction between the transformation of European social structure and the changing political parties. I use two backgrounds of political science: politics and world politics. International Society theory is the basis of my research. On the basis of criticizing the structural idea of neo-realism and absorbing that of neo-liberalism and constructivism, I established a macroscopic political and social structure where political parties act, that is the complex structure of world politics. To be different from traditional international politics, I took in interior analysis of a country and bridged the gap among various actors from local authority to central government, inside to outside of the boundary and inter-governmental to non-governmental field. The action of every actor will be decided not only by material distributive structure, but also ideal structure.European region is a miniature of the complex structure. It includes almost all the key elements as well as mature even superior pattern. To more concrete, it includes civil society, nation states and European Union, which compose the first complex structure. Furthermore, citizens in Europe have advanced wisdom. They begin modernization and nationalization ahead of the whole world whiles also the first to start post-modernization and de-nationalization. They exploit a new non-governmental and transnational field and let us see the power of civil society. Civil society has three levels. They are local, transnational and global, which composes the second complex structure.I regard political parties as both dependent and independent key variables. European traditional parties are put into the first complex structure whereas new political parties the second. The former involves challenge from civil society, integration and Europeanization, European parliament and transnational political parties, etc. The latter involves post-modern Europe and globalism, global civil movement, non-governmental organizations, new political parties, etc. These two parts are the nucleus of my thesis.