Moderate Intervention And Effective Supply

During the transformation process from planned economy to market economy, the construction of social security system is the inner need of social system change and necessary demand for persistent and harmonious development. As the safety net and absorber of society, social security system not only influences the arrangement of our economic structure, but also ensures the people's living, consequently maintaining social stabilization, social justness and social development. To investigate the construction, function and development of social security system, we should start with the analysis to the main body of social security, and accordingly ascertain every principal part's role, status, liability and obligation in social security system. In this way, we can grasp the every principal part's benefit pursuit and their boundary from headstream, and distinguish the character and connection of every principal part. This thesis mainly discusses the orientation of government in social security system. Besides referencing the western theory and experience, we must consider the specialty of our country.In this thesis, the function of government consists of economic management and social management. With the society progress, government becomes more and more important in the development of economy and society. It is government's responsibility and obligation to supply social security as a kind of public product and public service. For the special situation of China, we neither advocate the complete government obligation, nor approve anarchical obligation. Good social security doesn't mean strengthen the government function simply or advocate big government such as Keynes's state intervention which claims to increase public expenditure and states become social security supplier, and as a result, those welfare states coming forth in 1970s bring heavy burden to big government; it doesn't mean weaken government responsibility to advocate small government——in The road to serfdom, Hayek argues against infinity power of government and advocates individual freedom; public choice theory considers that market limitation is not an ample evidence that problems can be delivered to government, and that overfull state intervention will disturb and destroy the well-balanced order, bring baleful sequent. The scholars of our country also agree that government has unshirkable responsibility and must carry out its function according its role. Although they have cognizance of government function, they don't give a verdict on government role in detail.The unclear orientation of government in social security system brings about many problems in system arrangement of government. Thus, the proper orientation of government is an important problem solved urgently in system arrangement of social security for our country. The theory cognitions on the government orientation in social security system don't come to an agreement, which is an attention focus and controversy focus for our scholars. Our social security system, copied from western developed country, has many problems in the implement process, being short of adjustability and durative, such as our medical care system. By referencing the experience of western developed country, locate our government orientation based on the situation of our country, which is the motivation and point of this thesis.The thesis mainly has five parts. The first part on principal participant role of our social security purposes to illuminate that social security system need to depend on government as well as enterprise and individual. For the situation of our country, government, enterprise and individual should share the fees payment, and develop all kind of NGOs simultaneously, which is the fundamentality of social security system. The roles function of government, enterprise and individual in our social security system redound to understand the role arrangement in social security system. The second part review the practice of our government in system arrangement for the research purpose. The third part, reviews the roles evolvement of government orientation in western social security system, uses western experience and lessons for reference, and constructs Chinese social security system integrating with our situation and culture tradition. The forth part, which is our thesis core, analyze the factors on the government orientation in social security system; from the view of institution supply theory and intervention scope, on the government orientation problem, the thesis summarizes and analyses the government'intervention, role and responsibility. The fourth part advances some policy suggestion on the government orientation in social security system.The thesis reviews our government orientation in social security system from the aspects of sociology, economics and public management. From the view of sociology, review the intervention scope of government and system rationalization; from the view of economics, review the adaptability of social security system that government supplies; from the view of public management, review the connotation of government role. Proceeding with institution supply theory, analyze the government orientation in social security system——the government's intervention scope and efficiency institution furnishment.The public product and quasi-public product character of social security determines the core status and dominant function of government in social security system. Through its compulsion, monopolization and commonality, government shows its special responsibility and efficiency. For the situation of our social security, government is charged with social security as public product, which can satisfy all kinds of needs according to different main bodies. Thus, as the main body of social security, government should assume its responsibility——including appropriate intervention, institution and policy support, and law guarantee, to construct a wholesome social security system in behalf of millions of people.