A Comparative Study Of Environment Impact Assessment System In The United States And China

Since modern times, humanity's survival environment has been seriously destructed. In order to realize human society's sustainable development, many countries have taken many measures to protect our environment. Among these measures, Environment Impact Assessment System which was first set up in the United States in the 60's of last century became one kind of important measures to protect the environment. And this measure was promoted all over the world. Sometimes, the meaning of Environment Impact Assessment is to carry on appraise in advance to the humanity activity which may influent the environment, or to analysis the environment consequence which may be caused by the proposal humanity activity. The meaning of Environment Impact Assessment System is to legal, institution and sequencing Environment Impact Assessment works.China introduced this system in the end of 70's of last century. Although the Environment Impact Assessment System has experienced nearly 30 years development in our country, and our country passed"Environment Impact Assessment Law"on October 28, 2002. But because our country is insufficient to the environmental protection work for such a long time, there are many flaws in the Environment Impact Assessment System. There is a big disparity between our country and the overseas especially the United States about the development condition of Environment Impact Assessment System. According to the national condition, we should absorb some new environment management ideas and the technology,which may has big significance to consummate our Environment Impact Assessment System. Consummating the Environment Impact Assessment System is a good medicine to promote the communal development of the economic and environmental protection and the system is also what the harmonious society needs for transforming the present way of development through the implement of Environment Impact Assessment System, and stepping onto the new industrialization with high technology content, with good economic efficiency, with consumed resources, with few environmental pollution, and with full display of the human resources superiority.As the result of its early start of the Environment Impact Assessment System in the United States, it has continuously received the American government and people's approval. The United States has become one of the countries which develops the mature system. So advantages from the advanced part of the Environment Impact Assessment System of the United States perfects our country's Environment Impact Assessment System. It is an important way to protect our country's environment. This article comparatively studied the survey of Environment Impact Assessment System in the United States and China in aspect of Legislation, Law Enforcement, Jurisdiction and so on. And summarized the place where need to be consummated in these aspects of our country. And also I proposed suggestions to consummate them, in order to make an own contribution to consummate the Environment Impact Assessment System. Hope our country's environmental protection work can be smoothly carried on in order to construct an own strength to the harmonious society.This main body of my article was divided into six parts to carry on the elaboration. The first part is to elaborate the Environment Impact Assessment System. This second, third and forth parts compared and studied the difference of Environment Impact Assessment System in the aspect of Legislation, Law Enforcement, and Jurisdiction between our country and the United States, and analyzed the deficiency of our country. In aspect of legislation, the necessary to expand the scope of the object of the Environment Impact Assessment and to consummate the public participates ways elaborated with emphasis. In aspect of Law Enforcement, the multiplicity of Law Enforcement in the US, and the unitary Law Enforcement of our country was elaborated with emphasis. Proposed the necessity of public participates in the law enforcement. In aspect of Jurisdiction, through comparing and studying the judicial condition of the Environment Impact Assessment System between our country and the US, the idea of establishing and consummating environment public welfare lawsuit in our country being the guarantee to carry on the work of Environment Impact Assessment smoothly was proposed with emphasis. In the fifth part, my article studied the tendency of the Environment Impact Assessment System in the US carefully in order to try to find out the place which is worth to be used for our Legislation in the future. In the last part, through comparing and studying the Environment Impact Assessment System between our country and the US, my suggestions was proposed to consummate our country's Environment Impact Assessment System from the aspect of Legislation, Law Enforcement and Jurisdiction.