Brazil's Political Modernization

Brazil, as the biggest country in Latin America, is the country who first started his modernization in Latin America, and is also one of the developing countries whose modernization level is much higher, There are so many students who are engaged in the study of its economic, politic, and each airs his own views. They advance considered viewpoints about Brazil's industrialization development model, military regime and once-more-democratization. Studying Brazil's political modernization experiences and its modernization model, helps other developing countries to use Brazil's experiences for reference, and go their own way on development.Brazil's political modernization started in the later period of the 19^th century. And it rebounded during the period of 1930s and the middle of 1980s. In the 1930s, industry bourgeois controlled the government. But in 1964, the military snatched the regime. From the middle of 1970s, there was a trend returning to democracy. Until 1985, a new civilian direct-select president indicated Brazil's democracy back.Describing the period of 1930s to the middle of 1970s Brazil's economic, politic, social circumstances as the background, this article plays an emphasis on Brazil's political modernization---from the middle of 1970s to the later 1980s (once-more-democratization) and straight extends to the forepart of the 21^st century political democratization---course. It includes the transition from military regime to civilian regime, the establishment of the new Constitution, the foundation of the parties, and the transition of the social estates, and so on. And this course still goes on up to the present. Through the studying of the Brazil's detailed political measures, we can come to a conclusion that in the process of Brazil's political modernization, its equalization and democratization obtains tremendous achievements. What's more, owing to the relationship between the politic and the economic, there is also expatiation on economic reform afterward the once-more-democratization, mostly the anti-inflation policy under Cardoso. And economic-comeback grounded stable foundation to steady politic. In the last part, in the description of the Brazil's economic, society, education, political culture, we can see the achievements are obvious, though there are still incomplete aspects.Through the study of Brazil's political modernization, there are experiences for the Third World countries, especially China, which is one of the biggest countries of the developing countries. By adopting Brazil's political democratization for reference, and taking Brazil's despotism and centralization of the military regime for lessons, we believe in that China can construct a harmonious and nice society.