Contrastive Research On The Social Support System Of Military College Students

For a long time, sociologists have been expecting to make a further study of the socially concerned important problems, to promote the progress and development of the society and reduce social price. China now is in a critical period of social rapid transformation when the competition is being intensified, cultural conflict is increasing, and people's life style and value idea are being greatly changed, so the serviceman's status and value cannot be affirmed socially in the peacetime, and also the serviceman's feeling of superiority is weakened. All these directly impact and affect the military college students on their cognition, their emotion, their will, their need, and their interest that can easily cause the wave of their faith and the bewilderment of their individual psychology. And the deviation of the students'social psychology, values, and cognition idea can be naturally created, which will directly or potentially cause great changes in social structure and social mentality. The military college students discussed in this paper possess the special social status and obvious social characteristic. As the particular community, their social problems that result from their living stress in the military college and the circumstance of the Social support system are more representative. By the present, the academia has made much study on the social support system for the non-military college, but there is no research on the military college. Considering that the negative effect of market economy will bring more mentality adaptation difficulty for the military college students, and that more and more mentality problems from the military college students are exposed which could be well solved by combining the power of the army and the society, this paper hopes to launch an analysis and comparative research of the support for military college students and try to seek for the solution to these problems, through the investigation of"social support system of military college students". Firstly, this paper launches an investigation and analytical research of the social support system for military college students.A new questionnaire is designed by myself on the basis of Vander Poel's Questionnaire, the Quantitative Manual of Mental Health Assessment and Assessment Quantitative Form of Social Support, etc. During two months, 316 of the place-students in the A university of Liberation Army and 208 of soldier-students in the B college of Liberation Army are sampled validly. Through statistic analysis, the conclusion is offered: (1) The families (parents) play the most important role in economic support system, more than 80% of the students'expenses is offered by their families. Especially for the place-students, 34% of them depend on their families to get the cost of living. Simultaneously, the investigation results also indicate that the families have the same importance in the mental support among different types of military colleges. Family has become the existence of ultimate concern property, 88% of the military college students had been assisted or helped economically when encountering critical situation. (2) The general relatives play a weaker role in the economic support system, and they are more adapt to provide the spiritual support. In fact, more than 70% military college students have accepted no or less economic supports from other direct relatives except their parents. Only 28% has got the actual economic supports from the general relatives. In addition, another research discovery is that the colleagues, the social friends and the lover play more important role than the general relatives which only account for 28% and 35.7% respectively in the economic and spiritual supports. (3) The collegues'role played in the social support system of military college students is hypo-importance, and not less than 50% military college students had accepted their actual economic supports. (4) Their own college plays little roles in the students'social supports, only 4% military college students have acquired the real economic assistance. (5) The place students have higher frequency in seeking assistance than the soldier students, but lower in actually obtaining the economic and spiritual supports.Secondly, this paper makes a further theoretical study of the social support to military college students. With the quantitative study of the social system available to military college students, some new discoveries are reached, they are:The parents are the social basis of the military college students'support, but also the principal part of the social support system. The study indicates that the military college students rely mainly on the informal support system when seeking the social support, and from the angle of static state, the data explains the parents'importance in the support system. It clearly shows that the nuclear families'importance does not decline along with the change of the circumstance in such an highly-centralized group, and the parents'economic supports and their care are the most important for the military college students all the same when facing the economic difficulties, especially for the place students, although they can get the living subsidy and other supplies from the nation. During the course of developing the economy and S & T in pursuit of substance civilization, particularly in the period of tremendous social transformation, when people cost huge expenses in social spirit and mentality, acquiring the spiritual and mentally comforts from the families will be the new trend.Generally, academic circles hold that relatives are likely to offer financial help, whereas, non-relatives are likely to offer spiritual support. But research results in this paper show that the role of relatives in social support is gradually weakened, and they are more likely to offer spiritual support. This indicates that, in the phase of China's rapid social transformation, the importance of the informal relations in the social support system such as the consanguinity, the zone, the origin, etc, is being obviously decreased. On the other hand, it also indicates that, during the course of the two conversion, namely from the common citizens to the servicemen and from the social place students to military college students, the individual reliance to the relatives and the obligation and responsibility from the relatives are prone to weakness with the change of their identity. The colleagues play a hypo-important role on the military college students in the social support system, It shows that these fresh students who have erntered the college not so long need to obtain the group's support and assistance. The established trust with the colleagues through the group life, can directly effect on the choice that the military college students made, and this is the main reason that can illustrate the colleagues play an relatively important role more than the general relatives and other non-relatives.In obtaining the support from relatives and friends and making use of the support, the number of the place students is lower than the soldier students. One explanation to existance of the discrepancy is that, one hand, it's related deeply on the students'type and their constitution, and on the other hand, the soldier students can have more specific cognition to the role, the role behavior, the role relations and the role anticipation than the place student just having entered the sevice, whose conversion from the common enlisted man to an military college student is comparatively easier to the place students. Simultaneously, on the lay of the psycology, there are different mentality and behavior characters between the place students and the soldier students, which will also influence the former on the establishment of the social support system.Although the special education and management pattern are the crucial constituents in consummating the individual social support system in military colleges, the research demonstrates that the official or the semi-official organization such as the military college and the political parties has played little role. This maily ascribe many administrative cadres whose idea is stale and management is lag, especially in some departments of the military college. If only developing the work by traditionally strict management and persuasion, or regarding the students as the soldiers, it will not be adapt to the request of army education reform in the new era.Thirdly, this paper puts forward the main strategy, by which standard the social support system of military college students is established.The college departments'support system should be set up, which will supply sufficient educational instruction for the military college students. To enhance the subjective experience of their being concerned and admitted, the departments'administrators can educate and instruct them by the ways of teaching, collective activity, individual communication and so on. And they should be regarded as the main body in order to improve their positivity, go-aheadism, and creation, and also to realize the amused cooperation between the administrators and those being administrated.The mentality endurance ability training of the serviceman in military college must be increased and strengthened, and the mentality health support system should be established for them. The military college should put various mentality health educations in practice and enhance the degree of defending the mental problems to improve the ability of the students'self-defence. The teaching predominance in class should be fully utilized, and many other ways such as the mentality investigation, the knowledge cathedra, seeing the film and so on, should be applied with mental problem case assistance, to set up the multi-orientation mentality health support system.Inheriting and passing on traditional culture in the army should be strengthened in the period of social transformation, and the general science and culture education should also be attached importance to in the military college. The Chinese army is being in the new military transformation, and the students'economic support system is still in the establishment and perfection which has the formally organizational guarantee, so it appears especially precious to put up the spiritual support system. The college should pay much attention to the full-scale development of the students and supply them with the science and culture education in each domain from the natural and the social science to the literae humaniores. And also the college should try hard to expand China's traditional excellent culture, promote the harmony of families, officers-soldiers relations and the harmonious construction of the colleges, to attain firmness of blood relations and strengthen the relations formed through vocational links and relations formed through geographical links, accordingly offer more favorable spiritual support when the college education facing different cultural conflict in social transformation period.This paper expects that, through this investigation, on the one hand, it is going to give rise to the concern and research of more scholars for military college students, and deeply reveal the evolution of social structure and culture during the period of social transition, on the other hand, it is going to raise the army's concern for their mental change and behavior character, to understand and grasp the social problems could be caused by the students community, to perfect the military security system, to improve the speed of college system reform, to strengthen the students'psychological training, to improve the cohesive force of army's organization, to resolve the army's contradiction as possible, to reduce social price during the period of transition, to provide the guarantee for the army's development as quickly as possible.