On Pricing Agreement Of International Liner Shipping

As the development of the shipping trades between different countries all over the world, the reputation of the international liner shipping is being enhanced, and the competition in this field is becoming more and more intense, the liner shipping companies even fight for price. In order to escape from the disaster, the carrier established different forms of international association based on the agreements, among them Liner Conference and Stabilization Agreement are the two important associations which are based on the pricing agreements. As the obviously effects of the Liner Conference and Stabilization Agreement on the restriction of the market of shipping, they are always becoming the core of the legislation in most countries, that's the system of Anti-monopoly Exemption in international liner shipping. But nowadays, the system of Anti-monopoly Exemption is facing the dilemma of canceling. In china, we haven't made the legislation which directed against Shipping Competition, so when we are in the process of solving the related problems, no exactly law can be appropriately in use. Due to these, the author realizes that it is necessary to do some research on the attitude and rules, then give some proper advice on the Shipping Competition legislation in our country.The first part of the article begins with the conception of Pricing Agreement of international liner shipping, then the author analyses its basic natures, effects, reasons of emerging, at the same time, the negative affects are discussed through defining of its natures of restriction on competition.The second part lists the legislations and conventions of different countries and U.N. of Liner Conference and Stabilization Agreement, it focuses on the comparison and analyses about the legislation purpose, type, objects of legislation, and the requirements of Anti-monopoly Exemption. In the end, the author discusses the developing tendency of international liner shipping in the future, especially in the shipping restriction. The third part of the article puts emphasis on the legislation and practices of Pricing Agreement of international liner shipping in our country. It points out two defects in details, which bases on the problems of Terminal Handling Charge (THC) alongside most ports of china in 2001. Then, we need to pay more attention to the legislation in the field of Shipping Competition, especially under the background of development.In order to build up and consummate the legislation system on the Pricing Agreement of international liner shipping, the author gives his advice in two aspects at the end of the article, one is to build up the whole system of Shipping Competition, the other is to provide the concreted rules on the Anti-monopoly Exemption in international liner shipping, and also wishes to do some benefits in the future.