Studies Of Zhou Enlai's Constitutional Thought

As of the Republic's first prime minister, Zhou Enlai, have made an outstanding contribution of our country constitutionalism. The main idea of his constitutionalism, including the following aspects. First, he applied the Marxist point of constitutionalism to clearly explain the emergence of constitution, the role of constitution;At the same time, he also attaches great importance to the formulation and implementation of the constitution, he advocated that the development of a constitution should proceed from reality, and adopt a cautious attitude toward science. For the implementation of the constitution, he stressed the law to depend on and handles things according to program . Second, as the prime minister, Zhou Enlai is not only an advocate of democracy, it is the practice of democracy. He thought that the core of the democracy is the people are masters of their own affairs. He made it clear that the people of socialist democracy is the essence of socialism. He advocated a combination of democracy and dictatorship, a combinationof democracy and focus . He also attach importance to the diversification of forms of democracy. Zhou Enlai, also observe the system of democracy from the perspective of the country, Stressed that the democracy must be institution and legalization. Third, about the socialist rule of law, he advocated "constitutional supremacy", and set an example everywhere. He pointed out that the need to establish and improve the socialist legal system, which is the base of constitutionalism;he insist that everything must depend on the law, in accordance with the law, handle matters legally ,he inist that we shoud strengthen the judicial work, this is the important link which manages state affairs according to law . and called for the strengthening of supervision of government work. Fourth, Zhou Enlai and the Chinese people take part in fighting to protect and preserve human rights struggle. He pointed out that the essential difference between the socialist human rights and capitalism; he stressed that the human rights striving for, must take the national independence, nationality's liberation as a premise; we shoud develop the productive forces vigorously in order to meet the material culture needs which people grow day by day . Fifth, regarding the constitutional reform, Zhou Enlai pointed out the necessity of constitutional reform, and pointed out that the focus of the constitutional reforms and principles. Sixth, Zhou Enlai's constitutionalism thought revelation of the today's Chinese political system, including the relationship between theconstitution and practice; to expand the ways of democracy; judicial reform; citizen's political participation and how to achieve all-round development of people and so on.