The Development Of Amereican Social Security And The Enlightment Of It To China

Since Franklin D. Roosevelt enacted the first "Social Security Act" in the American history in 1935, the modern social security system of the United States has gone through more than 70 years. Modern American social security system includes social security, social relief and social welfare, which is a completed system. The United States social security played an important role in its economic prosperity and social development, so it is essential to social stability and it is the safety net of the society. But its negative impact is also becoming increasingly prominent, and has attracted increasing academic and social concerns. In order to meet the needs of the new situation the United States social security system facing, reform and adaptation is needed.This historical process is from the start-up of the modern American social security in 30s of the 20th century, which is after the great crisis, to the rapid expansion of the social security after the war, and then to the social security system reform, which is after the 70s oil crisis in the 20th century. It is also from the new federalism reform of Ronald Reagan, to the Social Security reform bill of Mr. Clinton, and then to the current private operators and market-oriented reform measures of Bush administration. Each period has its different political background. The formation of the United States social security system, which has been formed a relatively complete system of social security projects, is the result of the joint effect of the political balance of power, the evolution of social thought and economics and other factors. The experience of the development of the US social security system includes the superiority of legislation, the priority of giving to efficiency, and the focus on the role of market-oriented. At the same time, we should also learn from its bad aspects, such as the huge welfare spending, the inability of maintaining the fiscal. It results in the welfare disease, the weak family value, and the other social problems. The influences of the US social security system history on China are:the improvement of the social security legislation, the forming of "a low level, wide coverage, multi-level" security system, and the use of market role.