On Technical-oriented Criminal Investigation

In criminal litigation, the reformed method of the fact-of-case identification has promoted changes to the way that people proved from a "witness as the center of gravity" method to the "physical evidence as the center of gravity" method. Correspondingly, the methods in criminal investigation must have been changed the orientation of the bound"from confession to evidence"mode to"from evidence to confession". In the mode"from evidence to confession", after collecting a certain evidence, we will be exhausted the information which contains in it and extending from "one" to "many" so as to achieve the goal of "from evidence to confession" mode. The fact that science and technology came into criminal litigation brings scientific evidence and scientific criminal investigation which can be helped to attach the values and goals of criminal justice system. The main form of scientific investigation is"technical-oriented criminal investigation".In this thesis, the author is trying to build an initial theoretical framework about the technical-oriented criminal investigation by analyzing the concept, cognitive concepts, cornerstone of practice and methods of the technical-oriented criminal investigation and its system. This thesis can be divided into four sections as following:The First Section:"Analyze of the Concept of Technical-oriented Criminal Investigation". The essence of technical-oriented criminal investigation is a method of crime detection that taking the physical evidence technology as its base and moving the evidences to the center. Technical-oriented criminal investigation can be regarded as a way of scientific crime investigation which namely, identical authentication based on the theory, through the concerted application of science and technology exhibits and other evidence collected, of which the information inherent in the largest of mining and utilization, and establish the corresponding criminal intelligence information system, and ultimately to obtain evidence to prove the facts of crime suspects and the seizure of a scientific method of investigation. Through revealing the meaning of the technical-oriented criminal investigation, we can take a in-depth understanding of the technical-oriented criminal investigation systems.The Second Section:"the Cognitive Concepts of Technical-oriented Criminal Investigation". The subject of crime investigation will require a systematic survey work to identify and obtain the corresponding missing elements and restore the basic structure between the elements. The practical significance of the technical-oriented criminal investigation is required to adapt scientifically proven facts of the case must prove that the implementation of a holistic, that is sufficient to answer the constituent elements of criminal cases, the specific nature, reflecting the nature and stability of three aspects.The Third Section:"the Practical Cornerstone of Technical-oriented Criminal Investigation". By using the physical evidence technology, the subject of crime investigation can read out the information from the "objects" in various extents. System of physical evidence can demonstrate the full facts of the case directly, so physical evidence is the basic way to prove facts of the case. When the level of development of science and technology developed to be able to read out the object and its motion the process of information, accordingly, evidence begins with the traditional sense of the word "indirect evidence" into that a "direct evidence."The Fourth Section:"the Discussion of the Method System of Technical-oriented Criminal Investigation". Subject to the systematic of criminal acts, the subject of investigation must take a systematic investigational behavior and make the appropriate special investigations, obtaining evidence and information - in particular, the information should be based on physical evidence as a starting point to open up a wide range of information sources of information. This section specifically discussed the technical-oriented investigation of the methodology with a view to building the appropriate technical detection system provides an objective basis.