The Exploration Of The Contemporary Major Communist Parties For Socialism

Socialism, as a thought, which has been approaching 500 years since Utopia was published by Thomas Moore from the British in 1516. The changing of Socialism from utopia into a science, which has been more than 150 years after Manifesto of the Communist Party was published. After Marx and Engels researched into the basic contradiction in capitalist society and the theory of surplus value, they established the theory of scientific socialism in Manifesto of the Communist Party and Principles of Communism. Thus, the first leap from utopian to scientific socialism came true. Marx and Engels gave us not only the ideas of communist society, but also their scientific attitude and practices; the method and form of communism and socialism can only be explored in practice, and also can only be improved in practice.Lenin once said: "the idea that history would step forward smoothly and would not make a huge leap backwards is not dialectical, unscientific, and in theory it is not correct."Throughout the community doctrine development process, which from theory to practice, practice from one country to the multi-national practice, from the wave of reform repeatedly to a local serious setback to China from the Soviet Union and the disintegration of the dramatic changes thriving, has experienced a complex and tortuous process. As a big country in the East with the most population in the world, China has not only withstood the severe tests of all, but found a road of development which suits national conditions of China and in the vast land socialism with Chinese characteristics is booming. 60 Years after PRC was founded, the economics growth, and the significant increasing of comprehensive national strength have shown the great superiority of the socialist system. Practice shows that, as a continuation and development of Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory - theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics, guiding the Chinese people to achieve victory in the reform and opening up in the correct theory of socialist modernization. It is proved by practice, as a continuation and development of Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory—Theory of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics is the correct theory, which is to guide our people to achieve the socialist modernization. Deng Xiaoping Theory,"is the first to provide preliminary answers to China such as how to build a socialist country and how to consolidate and develop the socialism." Party and state leaders repeatedly stress the importance of understanding the nature of socialism, so we not only have to study the problems in contemporary socialism and summarize the general experience of foreign socialists, but also we must not be blind or deaf. As long as we summed up both positive and negative experience through the socialist in the former 20th century, there is no doubt that the socialism in the 21st century will achieve rehabilitation and new development.In this paper, we will discuss the understanding and exploration to socialism of the major contemporary Communist parties, and the exploration and understanding of Chinese Communist Party. The useful inspiration was drawn by comparing the results of exploration.In the first five sections of Chapter 1, we briefly introduced the background of the development of the socialist movement in the world, and the significances of the basic socialism problem. We focus on the socialism understanding and exploration of the major contemporary communist parties, in order to obtain important historical enlightenment.In Chapter 2 we study the characteristics and drawbacks of the Soviet model of socialism, and found the Eastern Europe socialist parties were making an unremitting exploration to understanding the essence of socialism after Soviet Union collapsed. We found that in Vietnam, Cuba, North Korea and other socialist states economic development and the improvement of people's rights have tremendously progressed, and the momentum of development is flourishing. In the last section of this Chapter, we study the political turning of the Marxists and Communist Parties in the western countries, and their new attitudes to the essence of socialism and their new choices to the way of socialism from the lessons.In Chapter 3 we study the exploration and practice to the Socialism with Chinese characteristics of several generations of China Communists. In the first section, the exploration of Mao Zedong for the Socialist road in the national conditions of China, in the second part, the construction of Deng Xiaoping for the Theory of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, and the third part, the inheritance and development of the Socialism with Chinese Characteristics from the "Three Represents" and "The Scientific Concept of Development" with Chinese characteristics were all discussed.In Chapter 4, basing on scientific socialism history, exploration of the Communist Party of China and foreign countries to the nature of socialism, lessons of some socialist countries and the practice of building the socialism with Chinese characteristic, this paper mainly explores the essence of socialism and some more socialist paths of development, and reveals the inevitable demise of the capitalism. On that basis, three historical inspirations are concluded: the liberation and development of productive forces are the fundamental task of socialism; social harmony is the essential attribute of socialism with Chinese characteristics; to improve people's livelihood is the goal of development in socialism with Chinese characteristics.Although in the 20th century the socialism movement suffered serious setbacks, the direction of history would not and can not be changed. The ultimate fate of human society which were predicted and proved by Marxism is: The communism will eventually conquer the capitalism.